say 的过去式（）

A.said

B.say

C.says

ears ago．He leased an electric car．Schwabe says he gets more out of driving an electric car than just a charge. "With the price of gasoline and with the problems with clean air, it's important we get electric vehicles out on the road." On California roads there are about two thousand electric cars．By 2003, ten percent of all new cars may be required to have zero emissions．This is a mandate automakers say it is way ahead of its time. Gloria Bergquist of the Alliance of Auto Manufacturers says, "The technology (for zero emissions) isn't here yet; it still needs advancement in driving range to make it more appealing to a wider consumer audience." Auto makers blame it on the batteries．Power runs out on most cars after about 70 miles．However, some cars can now go more than 100 miles on a charge．Batteries are expensive．Carmakers say there is nothing they can do about it. Tim Carmichael of the Clean Air Coalition says, "The automakers have not built a vehicle unless required to do so, so it's very important for the state to stay committed to this program requiting automakers to build small amounts in beginning years and then the market will take off." {TS}When did Michael Schwabe say goodbye to the gas pump？ A．Two days ago． B．Two months ago． C．Two years ago． D．Ten years ago.

ric car. Schwabe says he gets more out of driving an electric car than just a charge.

"With the price of gasoline and with the problems with clean air, it's important we get electric vehicles out on the road."

On California roads there are about two thousand electric cars. By 2003, ten percent of all new cars may be required to have zero emissions. This is a mandate automakers say it is way ahead of its time.

Gloria Bergquist of the Alliance of Auto Manufacturers says, "The technology (for zero emissions) isn't here yet; it still needs advancement in driving range to make it more appealing to a wider consumer audience".

Automakers blame it on the batteries. Power runs out on most cars after about 70 miles. However, some cars can now go more than 100 miles on a charge. Batteries are expensive. Carmakers say there is nothing they can do about it.

Tim Carmichael of the Clean Air Coalition says, "The automakers have not built a vehicle unless required to do so, so it's very important for the state to stay committed to this program requiring automakers to build small amounts in beginning years and then the market will take off".

When did Michael Schwabe say goodbye to the gas pump？

A．Two days ago.

B．Two months ago.

C．Two years ago.

D．Ten years ago.

Passage Two

The other day I heard an American say to a Chinese student of English "You speak very good English." But the student answered, "No, no. My English is very poor." The foreigner was quite surprised at the answer. Thinking he had not made himself understood or the student had not heard him clearly, he said, "Yes indeed, you speak English very well." But the Chinese student still kept saying "No". In the end the foreigner gave up and was at a loss what to say. What's wrong with the student's answer？ It is because he did not accept a compliment(赞美的话)as the English people do. He should have said "Thank you" instead of "No". He actually understood what the American had said. But he thought he should be modest. If he said "Thank you", that would mean he was too proud. According to the western culture, if someone says the dishes you have cooked are very delicious, you should say "Thank you". If someone says to a Woman "You look so beautiful with the new clothes on", she should be very happy and answer "Thank you". In our country we think being modest is a virtue and showing off a bad thing. But in the west, if you are modest and say "No, I'm afraid I can't do it well", then the others will take it for granted that you really cannot do it. If you often say "No", you will certainly be looked down upon by others. When asking for a job, if one says something like "Let me have a try on the job" instead of "Yes, I can certainly do it," he or she will never expect to get it. So in the west one should always be confident. Without self-confidence, he cannot go anywhere. Confidence is of great importance to one in a country where competition is quite keen.

40. Why was the American surprised at the Chinese student's answer？

A. Because he wondered whether the student could really speak good English.

B. Because he could hardly hear what the student had said.

C. Because he wouldn't like others to say "No".

D. Because the way to accept a compliment in China is not the same as that in the western countries.

English." But the student answered, "No, no. My English is very poor." the foreigner was quite surprised at the answer. Thinking he had not made himself understood or the student had not heard him clearly, he said, "Yes indeed, you speak English very well." But the Chinese student still kept saying "No. "In the end the foreigner gave up and was at a loss what to say. What's wrong with the student's answer？ It is because he did not accept a compliment＜赞美的话＞as the English people do. He should have said "Thank you" instead of "no". He actually understood what the American had said. But he thought he should be modest. If he said "Thank you", that would mean he was too proud. According to the western culture, if someone says the dishes you have cooked are very delicious, you should say "Thank you". If someone says to a woman "You look so beautiful with the new clothes on", she should be very happy and answer "Thank you". In our country we think being modest is a virtue and showing off a bad thing. But in the west, if you are modest and say" No, I'm afraid I can't do it well", then the others will take it for granted that you really cannot do it. If you often say "no", you will certainly be looked down upon by others. If asking for a job, one says something like "Let me have a try on the job" instead of "Yes, I can certainly do it," he or she will never expect to get it. So in the west one should always be confident. Without self-confidence, he cannot go anywhere. Confidence is of great importance to one in a country where competition is quite keen.

Why was the American surprised at the Chinese student's answer？

A．Because he wondered whether the student could really speak good English.

B．Because he could hardly hear what the student had said.

C．Because he wouldn't like others to say "No".

D．Because the way to accept a compliment in China is not the same as that in the western countries.

some information, but meanings are (1)_____ from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness (2)_____ a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words (3)_____ Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given (4)_____. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those (5)_____ if we listen for (6)_____ words. We don't always say what we mean (7)_____ mean what we say. Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner. "This step has to be fixed before I'll buy". The owner says, "It's been like that for years". (8)_____, the step hasn't been like that for years, but the (9)_____ message is: "I don't want to fix it. We can put up with it why can't you？" The (10)_____ for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed by examining a message (11)_____ who said it, when it occurred, the (12)_____ conditions or situation, and how it was said.

When a message occurs can also (13)_____ associated meaning. A friend's unusually docile behavior. may only be understood by (14)_____ that it was preceded by situations that required a(n) (15)_____ amount of assertiveness.

We would do well to listen for how message are (16)_____ The words, "it sure has been nice to have you over", can be said with (17)_____ and excited or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or (18)_____ several times. And the meaning we associate with the phrase will change (19)_____ Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the (20)_____ importance it assumes.

A．omitted

B．resulted

C．dismissed

D．derived

y showed pictures of lungs of people who smoked. It was gross," says the petite 14-year-old. Yet, as she shops along the Third Street Promenade in Santa Monica, Calif. , the ninth grader points out all the places where she regularly buys cigarettes without hassle. "All my friends smoke," She shrugs, explaining the habit she developed in the sixth grade. "Once they pressure you, you start. And it's kind of hard to stop. "

As the cigarette industry draws increasing fire, teen smokers like Dimpy are becoming the focus of concerned policy makers around the country. Supported by a University of Michigan study showing a dramatic rise in adolescent tobacco use, the White House is considering ways to curb the surge. Among the options: eliminating cigarette vending machines, restricting tobacco advertising, increasing the federal excise tax on cigarettes and launching a national media campaign directed at adolescents. A grand jury in New York has begun an investigation to determine whether Philip Moms Cos. concealed information linking nicotine levels and addictiveness. And the Justice Department is looking into whether tobacco company executives committed perjury in their April 1994 congressional testimony on how smoking affects health.

Lack of credibility. But it's tough to get an antismoking message through to teens. The California Department of Health Service spends $12 million a year placing antismoking commercials on television, including popular MTV programs, but many teenagers aren't buying the message. Says Erica leona, who will enter eighth grade in the fail, "I don't think those ads work, because It's like a cartoon, it's too exaggerated. "

In fact, teens seem skeptical about the potential effectiveness of any organized efforts to reduce smoking, like increasing taxes. While research shows that every time taxes go up, sales go down, including among teens, young people say the cost is relatively low in comparison with.other vices. "You want weed, it'll cost you," says Robert Caldwell, 14. "For cigarettes, you just go anywhere, put 12 quarters into one of those machines, take it and go. " Other teens maintain that eliminating vending machines won't make cigarettes any harder to buy. "You give a guy enough to buy you a pack and a beer, and he'll buy the pack," says Cameron Davis, 13. And advertising isn't really what entices adolescents to smoke. For the most part, they say, teens smoke because of peer pressure. "It's like sex. " says 13-year-old Frances, who started smoking at age 9. "You feel like, if you don't do it with your boyfriend, he won't like you. "

In addition, messages that relate to health don't compute with adolescents, who often feel invincible. It doesn't help, says Roxanne Cannon, editorial director of Teen and Sassy magazines, that so many teen idols such as Ethan Hawke, Jason Priestley and Luke Perry are seen smoking.

Teens say any message is more effective if it's communicated by Other kids. But eyen a White House appeal made by Chelsea Clinton might not get through to adolescents eager to smoke. "I don't listen to my morn when she tells me to stop," says Dimpy. "Why would I listen to anyone else."

Dimpy, the girl named in this passage ______ .

A．began to smoke when she was eleven

B．became the focus of concerned policymakers because she has been smoking for quite a few years

C．showed pictures of gross lungs of smokers to her fellow pupils

D．forgot the shops where she usually obtained her cigarettes

them in a notebook. Then, later in the day, she asks, bet teacher about them. "Mrs. Thomas, these expressions are new to me. She's blue today. What's the matter？ You're yellow？ A little white lie. She has a green thumb. Blue and yellow people with green thumbs？ White lie？" After looking at the notebook, Mrs. Thomas says, "In everyday English, Habiba, blue sometimes means sad. Yellow means afraid. A person with a green thumb grows plants successfully. And a white lie is not a bad lie." "I don't understand. Please give me an example." "For example, I offer you some cake. The truth is, you don't like my cake. You don't say that. Instead, you say, No, thanks. I'm not hungry. That's a white lie." "I see. Thanks for the explanation."

8. According to the article, "She's blue today" probably means ______ .

(13)

A．She is mad today.

B．She turned into blue today.

C．She is happy today.

D．She is sad today.

are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？ .... When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend？ Or did he envy my luck？" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it' s too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don' t really listen closely we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You' re a lucky dog." That' s being friendly. But "lucky dog？" There' s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn' t see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn' t think you deserve your luck.

"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he？ Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn' t important. It' s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone' s words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does what he says agree with the tone of voice？ His posture？ The look in his eyes？ Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

This passage is mainly about ______.

A．how to interpret what people say

B．what to do when. you listen to others talking

C．how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people

D．why we go wrong with people sometimes

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)

A cramped public-school test kitchen might seem an unlikely outpost for a food revolution. But Collazo, executive chef for the New York City public schools, and scores of others across the country—celebrity chefs and lunch ladies, district superintendents and politicians—say they're determined to improve what kids eat in school. Nearly everyone agrees something must be done. Most school cafeterias are staffed by poorly trained, badly equipped workers who churn out 4.8 billion hot lunches a year. Often the meals, produced for about $1 each, consist of breaded meat patties, French fries and overcooked vegetables. So the kids buy muffins, cookies and ice cream instead—or they feast on fast food from McDonald's, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell, which is available in more than half the schools in the nation. Vending machines packed with sodas and candy line the hall ways. "We're killing our kids" with the food we serve, says Texas Education Commissioner Susan Combs.

As rates of childhood obesity and diabetes skyrocket, public-health officials say schools need to change the way kids eat. It won't be easy. Some kids and their parents don't know better. Home cooking is becoming a forgotten art. And fast-food companies now spend $3 billion a year on television ads aimed at children. Along with reading and writing, schools need to teach kids what to eat to stay healthy, says culinary innovator Alice Waters, who is introducing gardening and fresh produce to 16 schools in California. It's a golden opportunity, she says, "to affect the way children eat for the rest of their lives." Last year star English chef Jamie Oliver took over a school cafeteria in a working-class suburb of London. A documentary about his work shamed the British government into spending $500 million to revamp the nation's school-food program. Oliver says it's the United States' turn now. "If you can put a man on the moon," he says, "you can give kids the food they need to make them lighter, fitter and live longer."

Changing school food will take money. Many schools administrators are hooked on the easy cash up to $75,000 annually—that soda and candy vending machines can bring in. Three years ago Gary Hirshberg of Concord, N.H., was appalled when his 13-year-old son described his daytime meal—pizza, chocolate milk and a package of Skittles. "I wasn't aware Skittles was a food group," says Hirshberg, CEO of Stonyfield Farm, a yogurt company. So he devised a vending machine that stocks healthy snacks: yogurt smoothies, fruit leathers and whole-wheat pretzels. So far 41 schools in California, Illinois and Washington are using his machines—and a thousand more have requested them. Hirshberg says, "schools have to make good food a priority."

Some states are trying. California, New York and Texas have passed new laws that limit junk food sold on school grounds. Districts in California, New Mexico and Washington have begun buying produce from local farms. The soda and candy in the vending machines have been replaced by juice and beef jerky. "It's not perfect," says Jannison. But it's a cause worth fighting for, Even if she has to battle one chip at a time.

From paragraph 1, we learn that

A．most American school cafeterias are well functional.

B．more than half the schools have McDonald chains.

C．to change school food has been agreed by nearly everyone.

D．fast food restaurants are beneficial supplements to school cafeterias.