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Believe it or not, optical illusion （错觉) can cut highway crashes.（78) Japan is a case in

Believe it or not, optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes.

(78) Japan is a case in point. (79) It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.

Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan's success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.

(80) Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed - related hazards are the greatest - curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.

Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars pained across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.

Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.

The main point of the passage is ______.

A．a new way of highway speed control

B．a new approach to training drivers

C．a new pattern for painting highways

D．a new type of optical illusion

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发布时间：2020-09-17

更多“Believe it or not, optical illusion （错觉) can cut highway crashes.（78) Japan is a case in”相关的问题

第1题

A) desperate B) disappointing C) worshipping D) bankrupt E) fancy F) protects G) protests H)

A) desperate

B) disappointing

C) worshipping

D) bankrupt

E) fancy

F) protects

G) protests

H) similarly

I) wake

J) contest

K) object

L) cruelty

M) dignity

N) originally

O) altitude

Have you ever known anyone famous？ If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them______to people saying there is anything different about them. "I'm really just a normal guy,"______an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their ______ fans suggest. They start to wear ______ clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back to reality as fast as they had ______ risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such ______ and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else？ And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to ______ from your dream and realize you are only human？ Some only see the ______ in losing something they had gained. They often make ______ attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become ______ financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us.

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第2题

Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by c

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)

Prices are sky high, with profits to match. But looking further ahead, the industry faces wrenching change, says an expert of energy.

"The time when we could count on cheap oil and even cheaper natural gas is clearly ending. That was the gloomy forecast delivered in February by Dave O'Reilly, the chairman of Chevron Texaco, to hundreds of oilmen gathered for a conference in Houston. The following month, Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez gleefully echoed the sentiment: "The world should forget about cheap oil."

The surge in oil prices, from $10 a barrel in 1998 to above $50 in early 2005, has prompted talk of a new era of sustained higher prices. But whenever a "new era" in oil is hailed, scepticism is in order. After all, this is essentially a cyclical business in which prices habitually yo-yo. Even so, an unusually loud chorus is now joining Messrs O'Reilly and Chavez, pointing to intriguing evidence of a new "price floor" of $30 or perhaps even $40. Confusingly, though, there are also signs that high oil prices may be caused by a speculative bubble that could burst quite suddenly. To see which camp is right, two questions need answering: why did the oil price soar？ And what could keep it high？

To make matters more complicated, there is in fact no such thing as a single "oil price": rather, there are dozens of varieties of crude trading at different prices. When newspapers write about oil prices, they usually mean one of two reference crudes: Brent from the North Sea, or West Texas Intermediate (WTI). But when ministers from the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC discuss prices, they usually refer to a basket of heavier cartel crudes, which trade at a discount to WTI and Brent. All oil prices mentioned in this survey are per barrel of WTI.

The recent volatility in prices is only one of several challenges facing the oil industry. Although at first sight Big Oil seems to be in rude health, posting record profits, this survey will argue that the western oil majors will have their work cut out to cope with the rise of resource nationalism, which threatens to choke off access to new oil reserves. This is essential to replace their existing reserves, which are rapidly declining. They will also have to respond to efforts by governments to deal with oil's serious environmental and geopolitical side-effects. Together, these challenges could yet wipe out the oil majors.

Dave O'Reilly and Hugo Chavez believe that

A．prices of oil and natural gas are very high.

B．prices of oil and natural gas will not go down.

C．oil and natural gas will keep sustained high prices.

D．the world has forgotten about cheap oil.

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第3题

Prices arc sky-high, with profits to match. But looking further ahead, the industry faces

wrenching change, says an expert of energy.

"The time when we could count on cheap oil and even cheaper natural gas is clearly ending." That was the gloomy forecast delivered in February by Dave O'Reilly, the chairman of Chevron Texaco, to hundreds of oilmen gathered for a conference in Houston. The following month, Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez gleefully echoed the sentiment: "The world should forget about cheap oil."

The surge in oil prices, from $10 a barrel in 1998 to above $50 in early 2005, has prompted talk of a new era of sustained higher prices. But whenever a "new era" in oil is hailed, scepticism is in order. After all, this is essentially a cyclical business in which prices habitually yo-yo. Even so, an unusually loud chorus is now joining Messrs O'Reilly and Chavez, pointing to intriguing evidence of a new "price floor" of $30 or perhaps even $40. Confusingly, though, there are also signs that high oil prices may be caused by a speculative bubble that could burst quite suddenly. To see which camp is right, two questions need answering: why did the oil price soar？ And what could keep it high？

To make matters more complicated, there is in fact no such thing as a single "oil price": rather, there are dozens of varieties of crude trading at different prices. When newspapers write about oil prices, they usually mean one of two reference crudes: Brent from the North Sea, or West Texas Intermediate (WTI). But when ministers from the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) discuss prices, they usually refer to a basket of heavier cartel crudes, which trade at a discount to WTI and Brent. All oil prices mentioned in this survey are per barrel of WTI.

The recent volatility in prices is only one of several challenges facing the oil industry. Although at first sight Big Oil seems to be in rude health, posting record profits, this survey will argue that the western oil majors will have their work cut out to cope with the rise of resource nationalism, which threatens to choke off access to new oil reserves. This is essential to replace their existing reserves, which are rapidly declining. They will also have to respond to efforts by governments to deal with oil's serious environmental and geopolitical side-effects. Together, these challenges could yet wipe out the oil majors.

Dave O'Reilly and Hugo Chavez believe that

A．prices of oil and natural gas are very high.

B．prices of oil and natural gas will not go down.

C．oil and natural gas will keep sustained high prices.

D．the world has forgotten about cheap oil.

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第4题

A. believe B. focus C. keep D. share

A.believe

B. focus

C. keep

D. share

点击查看答案

第5题

A. believe B. considered C. thought D. distrusted

A.believe

B. considered

C. thought

D. distrusted

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第6题

A．reliefB．relieveC．beliefD．believe

A.relief

B.relieve

C.belief

D.believe

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第7题

The old man was afraid ______ it to the police; he didn't think they'd believe him. （report)

The old man was afraid ______ it to the police; he didn't think they'd believe him. (report)

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第8题

I don' t believe such a strange story. I am certain it is a complete______.A．fabricationB．

I don' t believe such a strange story. I am certain it is a complete______.

A．fabrication

B．lubrication

C．synthesis

D．generalization

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第9题

An owl（猫头鹰) is a bird. There are two basic types of owls: typical owls and barn owls. O

An owl(猫头鹰) is a bird. There are two basic types of owls: typical owls and barn owls. Owls live in almost every country of the world.

Owls are mostly nocturnal, meaning they are awake at night. Owls are predators——they hunt the food that they eat. Owls hunt for mice and other small mammals, insects, and even fish. Owls are well adapted for hunting. Their soft feathers make their flight nearly silent. They have very good hearing, which helps them to hunt well in the darkness. The sharp hooked beaks and claws of the owl make it very easy to tear apart prey quickly, although owls also eat some prey whole.

Owl eyes are unusual. Like most predators, both of the owl's eyes face front. The owl cannot move its eyes. Owls are far-sighted, which means they can see very well far away, but they can't see up close very well at all. Fortunately, their distant vision is what they use for hunting, and they can see far away even in low light.

Owl can turn their heads 180 degrees. This makes it look like they might be able to turn their heads all the way around, but 180 degrees is all the owl needs to see what's going on all around him.

(66) Perhaps because of the owl's mysterious appearance, especially its round eyes and flexible neck, there are a lot of myths and superstitions (迷信) about owls. Many cultures believe that owls are unusually wise. Because owls are nocturnal, some cultures associate owls with bad omens. However, owls probably do not interact with the fates of humans at all. In fact, some owl species may become extinct because of humans.

Which of the following is NOT true about owls？

A．Owls eat small animals.

B．Owls are able to fly silently.

C．Owls have very poor vision.

D．Owls have flexible necks.

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第10题

A．believeB．trustC．believe inD．rely on

A.believe

B.trust

C.believe in

D.rely on

点击查看答案

第11题

Only with adequate evidences _______ that Bob robbed the bank.

A.I believe

B.I did believe

C.believe I

D.did I believe

点击查看答案

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