Air cargo consists of air freight,mail,and several types of passenger service.

es of cargo.( )

s of cargo, therefore they are always much higher than General Cargo Rates.( )

,in which case the agent is allowed to sign the air waybill on behalf of the shipper.

Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？

A．Losing altitude in air cargo shipment.

B．Saying "no thanks" to overnight air.

C．Customer, the king ruled.

D．Exempting freight from scrutiny.

A.A. General Cargo Rates

B.B. Class Rates

C.C. Bulk Unitization Rates

D.D. Specific Commodity Rates

prepackaged into an aircraft Unit Load Device that can be loaded directly into the aircraft.( )

A.A. evidence of contract of carriage of goods by sea

B.B. evidence of contract of carriage of goods by air

C.C. evidence of contract of carriage of goods by rail

D.D. evidence of contract of carriage of goods by road

k shelter from the sun, as there would be no atmosphere to protect us from the sun's deadly rays.

Large and powerful, the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles high. It presses down on our bodies with a force of more than fourteen pounds per square inch. The narrow column of air which rests upon our shoulders weighs almost 2000 pounds. But our bodies are built in such a way that this weight does not crush (压碎) us.

In this huge ocean of air there is more energy than in all the coal, oil, and gas we have on earth. Electrical energy is collected in the atmosphere as water is collected and stored in a dam. The existence of electricity in the air has been known for centuries. But a thorough study of electricity in the atmosphere was not possible until the development of radio and radar.

One scientist, Dr. Sydney Chapman, has tried to explain the electric field which surrounds the earth. He believes that great storms on the sun create large amounts of electric energy. This energy is contained in a very light gas called hydrogen. The earth pulls the gas toward it, and a ring is formed around the earth several thousand feet above its surface. The great space ring is a powerful current of electrical energy. Sometimes the ring comes down and curves into the lower atmosphere, causing strange electrical effects.

His idea explains many things. It has long been known that there is an electric field inside the earth. It moves in much the same manner as the electric energy contained in the atmosphere. Scientists now believe that the electric energy in the atmosphere causes the electric energy inside the earth to flow.

If we can learn to control the energy in the atmosphere, we will have an unending supply of energy. Many scientists are trying to learn how to control it, In the meantime, even those of us who are not scientists have begun to pay attention to air. We realize that air does not contain the same elements that it contained years age. Automobiles, airplanes, factories, and atomic explosions have added dust and waste gases to the atmosphere. It is time to learn how to protect our atmosphere, the roof over the world of man.

We know the atmosphere as ______.

A．the total amount of oxygen over the earth

B．mixture of gases surrounding the earth

C．a source of storms

D．the diffusion of waste gas

pay a premium to have their computers shipped by overnight air express. But today, the equation has flipped. Customers prize cost savings over speed. "Now, most of our computers [in the U.S. are shipped on the ground—and we can still reach just about everyone within two days," says Fred Montoya, Dell's vice president for worldwide logistics.

Express air shipping isn't in a death spiral. But recession-spooked consumers and manufacturers are less willing to pay for overnight delivery, which is three to five times more expensive than ground shipping. Even when they pay, satisfaction is not guaranteed. After September 11, security scrutiny of air freight can result in long delays—which means roads may actually be faster. That's another reason why the number of packages shipped by air domestically fell 7.6% in 2001. And even with the recovery under way, air express volume is forecast to rebound by just 3% this year. "There's a mass migration from air to trucks," says Jerry Levy, marketing director for air shipper Bax Global Inc.

The industry's giants are ready to roll with the change. In the past several years, FedEx and UPS have rebuilt their ground networks as a series of regional hubs able to deliver most packages overnight within a 700 mile radius. "Now, we can move a package in the most expedient way ground or air or a combination of both," says Tom Weidemeyer, UPS' chief operating officer and president of its airline unit. New technologies—including bar coding, satellite tracking, online billing and status—are easing the transition. Even impatient customers are willing to do without overnight delivery "if they know when a shipment will arrive," notes Brian Clancy, a principal at industry consultant Merge-Global Inc.

The grounding of so much freight is solidifying the lead of UPS and FedEx. "We're able to keep business in the family that we might have lost," says William Margaritis, FedEx's corporate vice-president for worldwide communications. His company has invested $700 million in a new ground-delivery network while deferring the delivery of 123 aircraft. And strict new security requirements have forced the passenger airlines to stop carrying packages for the U.S. Postal Service, notes Richard Lung, director of revenue management at United Airlines Inc.'s cargo unit. And small shippers, whether air or truck, lack the capital to build hybrid networks. "We got caught with our pants down," says Levy of Bax Global, which added a ground-delivery unit in 2000. Slow and steady really does win the race.

We can learn from the beginning of the text that

A．customers used to attach importance to fancy packaging.

B．there is a radical change in customers' considerations.

C．it is high time that delivery service would better quality.

D．customers now tend to choose speed over cost savings.