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History is a record of mankind; different historians, ______ , interpret it differently.
A．therefore
B．on the contrary
C．however
D．consequently
答案
更多“History is a record of mankind; different historians, ______ , interpret it differently.A．”相关的问题
第1题
Because, sometimes, the voice of experience can (5)_____ us to stop, look and listen. And because, sometimes, past records, (6)_____ interpreted, can give us (7)_____ of what to do and what not to do.
If we are to create (8)_____ peace forever, we must seek (9)_____ origins in human experience and in the record of human (10)_____. From the story of the endurance, courage and (11)_____ of men and women, we create the inspiration of youth. From stories of the Christian men, right down to Budapest's heroic men of today, history records the suffering, the self-denial, the loyalty and the heroic (12)_____ of men. Surely from these records there can come help to mankind in our (13)_____ and perplexities, and in our yearnings (14)_____ peace.
The (15)_____ purpose of history is a better world. History gives a warning to those who would (16)_____ war. History (17)_____ inspiration to those who seek peace. (18)_____, history helps us learn. Yesterday's records can keep us from (19)_____ yesterday's mistakes. And from the pieces of mosaic assembled by historians come the great printings (20)_____ represent the progress of mankind.
A．right
B．good
C．important
D．fine
第2题
Bob Dylan emerged from the popular folk movement during 1962 and 1963. His first two re cords, "Bob Dylan" and "the Freewheelin' Bob Dylan, "appeared in those years and established his national reputation. This reputation grew slowly, and was helped by his appearance around New York City and at college concerts. As early as 1962, Dylan became known for the quality and quantity of his song-writing. And Dylan' s material has reflected a social awareness and has always involved pro test against injustice. It has aroused a broad trend of similar songs in the present-day market. These elements, in combination with Dylan' s particular sound, have made him one of the most remarkable figures in the history of rock.
Compared with the Beatles, Bob Dylan ______.
A．has more influence on rock music
B．has sold fewer records of his songs
C．is more important in the record industry
D．is less important in American rock
第3题
It is understood that in a favorable climate______.
A．tree rings grow close together
B．tree rings grow far apart
C．trees in New Mexico will grow big and tall
D．people can cut down most of the trees in New Mexico
第4题
根据下列材料，请回答 41～45 题：
Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1.（10 points）
“Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here,” wrote the Victorian sage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not any more it is not.
Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past: less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.
From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus - On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus （or virtue） of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head. In The Prince, the championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.
Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist's personal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers , industrialists and explores . "The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help, if patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in the formulation of truly noble and many character, exhibit,"wrote Smiles."what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself"His biographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.
This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere morals.
Communist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles:“It is man, real, living man who does all that.” And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle. As such, it needed to appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood. For:“Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted from the past.”
This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle, Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole new realms of understanding - from gender to race to cultural studies - were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed public history too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.
[A] emphasized the virtue of
classical heroes. 41. Petrarch [B] highlighted the public glory of
the leading artists. 42. Niccolo Machiavellli [C] focused on epochal figures whose
lives were hard to imitate. 43. Samuel Smiles [D] opened up new realms of understanding
the great men in history. 44. Thomas Carlyle [E] held that history should be the story
of the masses and their record of struggle. 45. Marx and Engels [F] dismissed virtue as unnecessary for
successful leaders. [G] depicted the worthy lives of engineer
industrialists and explorers.
第 41 题 请在（41）处填上最佳答案。
第5题
Dear Sir,
On my graduation from college this fall, I am desirous(1)securing a position that will offer me opportunity(2)the field of import and export trading．Knowing something of the scope and enterprise of your huge export department, I thought perhaps you would keep me(3)mind for a possible opening.
I am strong and alert, and shall be twenty years of age in July next year.
(4)present I am a student in the college--but I shall graduate(5)the college this coming July, finishing the requirements(6)three years, I have had no business experience, but my college record has been good．A copy
(7)my antecedents is enclosed(8)your reference.
Dr．B．Chao, President of the college, will be glad to tell you more(9)my character and ability, I shall be glad to call(10)any time for an interview.
Ⅶ．Filling the blanks with the given words below.
enclosing, apply for, with, apply to, meet, in addition to, in addition, prove, obliged, at, in, which Dear Sir,
(1)reply to your advertisement in www．JobsPower．com regarding a vacancy in your office, I wish to(2)the position of senior clerk,(3)you have specified.
I feel confident that I can(4)your special requirements indicating that the candidate must have a high command of English, for I graduated from the English Language Department of University three years ago.
(5)my study of English while in the University, I have worked for three years as secretary in the firm of ABC Trading Co, Ltd..
The main reason for changing my employments is to gain more experience(6)a superior trading company like yours．I believe that my education and experience will(7)useful for work in your office.
I am(8)my personal history, certificate of graduation and letter of recommendation from the president of the University, I shall be(9)if you will give me a personal interview(10)your convenience.
第6题
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
The history of English is conventionally, if perhaps too neatly, divided into three periods usually called old (or Anglo-Saxon) English, Middle English, and Modern English. The earliest period begins with the migration of certain Germanic tribes from the continent to Britain in the fifth century A.D, though no records of their language survive from before the seventh century, and it continues until the end of the seventh century or a bit later. By that time, Latin, Old Norse (the language of the Viking invaders), and especially the Anglo-Norman French of the dominant class after the Norman Conquest in 1066 had begun to have a substantial impact on the vocabulary, and the well-developed inflectional system that typifies the grammar of Old English had begun to break down.
The period of Middle English extends roughly form. the twelfth century through the fifteenth. The influence of French (and Latin, often by way of French) upon the vocabulary continued throughout the period, the loss of some inflections and the reduction of others accelerated, and many changes took place within the grammatical systems of the language. A typical prose passage, specially one from the later part of the period, will not have such a foreign look to us as the prose of Old English, but it will not be mistaken for contemporary writing either.
The period of Modern English extends from the sixteenth century to our own day. The early part of this period saw the completion of a revolution in vowel distribution that had begun in late Middle English and that effectively brought the language to something resembling its present pattern. Other important early developments include the stabilizing effect on spelling of the printing press and the beginning of the direct influence of Latin, and to a lesser extent, Greek on the vocabulary. Later, as English came into contact with other cultures around the world and distinctive dialects of English developed in the many areas which Britain had colonized, numerous other languages made small but interesting contributions to our word-stock.
The earliest written record of English available to us started______.
A．from the seventh century
B．from the fifth century
C．from the twelfth century
D．from the ninth century
第7题
America, the country of immigrants, has no truck with imported foreign talent. Article two of the constitution says that "no person except a natural-born citizen.., shall be eligible to the office of the president". This is now being challenged by a particularly irresistible immigrant: Arnold Schwarzenegger.
Barely a year has passed since the erstwhile cyborg swept to victory in California's recall election, yet there is already an Amend-for-Arnold campaign collecting signatures to let the Austrian-born governor have a go at the White House. George Bush senior has weighed in on his behalf. There are several "Arnold amendments" in Congress: one allows foreigners who have been naturalized citizens for 20 years to become president. (The Austrian became American in 1983.)
It is easy to dismiss the hoopla as another regrettable example of loopy celebrity politics. Mr. Schwarzenegger has made a decent start as governor, but he bas done little, as yet, to change the structure of his dysfunctional state. Indeed, even if the law were changed, he could well be elbowed aside by another incomer, this time from Canada: the Democratic governor of Michigan, Jennifer Granholm, who appears to have fewer skeletons in her closet than the hedonistic actor.
Moreover, changing the American constitution is no doddle. It has happened only 17 times since 1791 (when the first ten amendments were codified as the bill of rights). To change the constitution, an amendment has to be approved by two-thirds of both houses of Congress, and then to be ratified by three-quarters of the 50 states. The Arnold amendment is hardly in the same category as abolishing slavery or giving women the vote. And, as some wags point out, Austrian imports have a pretty dodgy record of running military superpowers.
The author of the text makes a contrast in______.
A．Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4
B．the opening paragraph
C．Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2
D．the concluding paragraph
第8题
The word gelato means "frozen" originally. Since ancient Rome, people have been enjoying cold desserts. Many think gelato is just an Italian name for ice cream. But actually it is a different product. According to Fed and Guido, the difference between ice cream and gelato is the amount of fat in the product. In ice cream you have an average of 17-18% of fat, but with Italian gelato you have 10%.
It was Guido who first came up with the idea. He thought that if they got the best materials, they could make top quality gelato. Fed then put a business plan together and the two decided to go for it. The only rule they had when they started out was to stick to their guiding principle—to try to create the world's best gelato. Their efforts paid off. Sales of their gelato have doubled in Italy every year since 2008. It outpaced （超过）the growth of every other type of iced dessert by some way. The company grows from two employees in 2003 to nearly 700 employees today.
According to a market analysis, Italians' love for gelato will last for the next few years. These two will be happy to learn the news.
(1).
It can be learned from the first paragraph that Fed and Guido_____.
A、used to be wine makers
B、knew how to make gelato
C、had no experience in food industry
D、planned to create a new dessert
(2).
Paragraph 2 tells us that_____.
A、Fed and Guido invented gelato
B、Italians prefer gelato to ice cream
C、gelato is the world's best dessert
D、gelato has less fat than ice cream
(3).
The guiding principle Fed and Guido followed is_____.
A、using secret materials
B、sticking to their business plan
C、making top quality gelato
D、hiring the best employees
(4).
Since 2008, the sales of Fed and Guido’s gelato have_____.
A、remained the same
B、reached record high
C、grown as fast as other desserts
D、increased steadily
(5).
Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A、the World’s Best Gelato
B、Italians' Love for Gelato
C、The History of Gelato
D、Gelato Shops in Italy
第9题
The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics , a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.
In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst's sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world's two biggest auction houses, Sotheby's and Christie's, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.
The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christie's chief executive, says: " I'm pretty confident we're at the bottom. "
What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.
In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as "a last victory" because_________.
A．the art market had witnessed a succession of victories
B．the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids
C．Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces
D．it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis
第10题
Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.
Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritage. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, people’s aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.
One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the “information-revolution”, a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.
第36题：Which of the following does not belong to material culture？
［A］ Instruments.
［B］ Music.
［C］ Paintings.
［D］ Sheet music.
