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[主观题]

Starting with his review of Skinner's Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholing

uists who argue that man has developed an innate(天生的) capacity for dealing with the linguistic universals common to all languages. Experience and learning then provide only information about the (1)_____ instances of those universal aspects of language which are needed to communicate with other people within a particular language (2)_____.

This linguistic approach (3)_____ the view that language is built upon learned associations between words. What is learned is not strings of words per se(本身), but (4)_____ rules that enable a speaker to (5)_____ an infinite variety of novel sentences. (6)_____ single words are learned as concepts: they do not stand in a one-to-one (7)_____ with the particular thing signified, but (8)_____ all members of a general class.

This view of the innate aspect of language learning is at first not readily (9)_____ into existing psychological frameworks and (10)_____ a challenge that has stimulated much thought and new research directions. Chomsky argues that a precondition for language development is the existence of certain principles "intrinsic(原有的) to the mind" that provide invariant structures (11)_____ perceiving, learning and thinking. Language (12)_____ all of these processes; thus its study (13)_____ our theories of knowledge in general.

Basic to this model of language is the notion that a child's learning of language is a kind of theory (14)_____. It's thought to be accomplished (15)_____ explicit instruction, (16)_____ of intelligence level, at an early age when he is not capable of other complex (17)_____ or motor achievements, and with relatively little reliable data to go on. (18)_____, the child constructs a theory of an ideal language which has broad (19)_____ power. Chomsky argues that all children could not develop the same basic theory (20)_____ it not for the innate existence of properties of mental organization which limit the possible properties of languages.

A．special

B．specific

C．definite

D．explicit

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发布时间：2020-09-17

更多“Starting with his review of Skinner's Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholing”相关的问题

第1题

Who said the only way to learn about a country you can't visit is by reading a book？ Dan E

ckberg's television students at Hopkins High School know better. They're seeing countries and learning about cultures with the aid of electronic communications.

Using computers, satellite hookups, and telephone hotlines, Eckberg's students have already followed a team of cyclists 11,500 miles across the continent of Africa, sat atop Mount ilimanjaro, and sweltered in the Sahara Desert.

This winter they'll interact with an expedition exploring Central America in search of the classic Maya culture.

You can join them.

How？ By following Eckberg and his class as they track the adventures of Dan and Steve Buettner, two world-class bicyclists from U.S.A. Starting last month these two bicyclists, joined by archaeologists and a technical support team, are interacting with students via the Internet, the worldwide computer network.

From classroom or home computer, students can make research proposals to the Buettners or the archaeologists at the various Central American locations they've been exploring as part of their Maya Quest expedition.

"We hope that someone will ask a question that can't readily be answered," says Hopkins High School student Barry Anderson. "and through the online activities, an answer will be found — a discovery!"

Having students "discover" why a civilization as advanced as the Maya collapsed in the 9th century is one key goal for the leaders of the Maya Quest expedition. The more important goal is using interactive learning to discover the cause of the decline and compare it to issues we face today — natural disasters, environmental problems, and war.

Ten lesson plans — on topics ranging from the Maya language to the Maya creation myth — have been developed for the interactive expedition.

"Through a combination of live call-in television and the Internet," says Eckberg, "we're hoping to build excitement and engagement in learning in our school."

Dan Eckberg and his students learn about Africa by______.

A．reading books.

B．watching video tapes.

C．interacting via the Internet.

D．cycling 11,500 miles.

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第2题

I made a pledge to myself on the way down to the vacation beach cottage.For two weeks

I made a pledge to myself on the way down to the vacation beach cottage.For two weeks I would try to be a loving husband and father.Totally loving.No ifs, ands or buts.

The idea had come to me as I listened to a talk on my car radio.The speaker was quoting a Biblical (圣经的) passage about husbands being thoughtful of heir wives.Then he went on to say, “Love is an act of will.A person can choose to love.” To myself, I had to admit that I had been a selfish husband.Well, for two weeks that would change.

And it did.Right from the moment I kissed Evelyn at the door and said, “That new yellow sweater looks great on you.”

“Oh, Tom, you noticed,” she said, surprised and pleased.Maybe a little puzzled.

After the long drive, I wanted to sit and read.Evelyn suggested a walk on the beach.I started to refuse, but then I thought, “Evelyn’s been alone here with the kids all week and now she wants to be alone with me.” We walked on the beach while the children flew their kites.

So it went.Two weeks of not calling the Wall Street firm where I am a director; a visit to the shell museum though I usually hate museums.Relaxed and happy, that’s how the whole vacation passed.I made a new pledge to keep on remembering to choose love.

There was one thing that went wrong with my experiment, however.Evelyn and I still laugh about it today.On the last night at our cottage, preparing for bed, Evelyn stared at me with the saddest expression.

“What’s the matter？” I asked her.

“Tom,” she said in a voice filled with distress, “do you know something I don’t？”

“What do you mean？”

“Well… that checkup (体检) I had several weeks ago … our doctor… did he tell you something about me？ Tom, you’ve been so good to me… am I dying？”

It took a moment for it all to sink in.then I burst out laughing.

“No, honey,” I said, wrapping her in my arms.“You’re not dying; I’m just starting to live.”

26.In the first paragraph, “No ifs, ands or buts” probably means “_________”.

A.unintentionally

B.inevitably

C.impressively

D.unconditionally

27.From the story we may infer that Tom drove to the beach cottage ________.

A.with his family

B.with Evelyn

C.alone

D.with his children

28.During the two weeks on the beach, Tom showed more love to his wife because ____________.

A.she looked lovely in her new clothes

B.he had made a lot of money in his Wall Street firm

C.he was determined to be a good husband

D.she was seriously ill

29.The author says, “There was one thing that went wrong with my experiment.” What was the one thing that went wrong？

A.He praised her sweater, which puzzled her.

B.She insisted on visiting a museum, which he hated.

C.He knew something about her illness but didn’t tell her.

D.He was so good to her that she thought she must be dying.

30.By saying “I’m just starting to live,” Tom means that ____________.

A.he is just beginning to understand the real meaning of life

B.he is just beginning to enjoy life as a loving husband

C.he lived an unhappy life before and is now starting to change

D.he is beginning to feel regret for what he did to his wife before

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第3题

How many flights will Voss have finished if his Four-month mission starting in July 2000 e

nds up successfully？

A．Three

B．Two

C．Four

D．Five

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第4题

When the old man ______ to walk back to his house, the sun ______ itseff behindthe mountain. A．sta

When the old man ______ to walk back to his house, the sun ______ itseff behindthe mountain.

A．started; had already hidden B．had started; had already hidden

C．had started; was hiding D．was starting; hide

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第5题

The best title for the passage may be ______.A．Hwang is found guilty of fabricating his re

The best title for the passage may be ______.

A．Hwang is found guilty of fabricating his results

B．How a stem-cell researcher fabricates his results

C．The consequence of a made-up experiment

D．Hwang Woo-suk's resignation

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第6题

Li had something to tell the manager, Mr Smith, so he went to his place, entering the room and said:

A.You're not busy, I hope.

B.Got a minute？

C.I'm terribly sorry to trouble you, Mr Smith.

D.Can I have a word with you Mr Smith？

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第7题

It can be inferred that ______. （)A．Henry Ford always tried to avoid wasteB．Henry Ford re

It can be inferred that ______. ()

A．Henry Ford always tried to avoid waste

B．Henry Ford required total observation once the standards were established

C．Henry Ford always encouraged his workers to make changes oft he products

D．Henry Ford made his own designs of his cars

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第8题

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes

are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？" "When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend？ Or did he envy my luck？" "And Paul—why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car？" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You' re a lucky dog. " Is he really on your side？ If he says, "You' re a lucky guy. " or "You' re a lucky gal. " , that's being friendly. But" lucky dog" ？ There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.

"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for" is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he？ Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does what he says square with the tone of voice？ His posture？ The look in his eyes？ Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he

A．feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

B．feels he may not have"read" his friends'true feelings correctly

C．thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend

D．is sorry that his friends let him down

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第9题

Jim hesitated before getting in. He didn't like the man's【21】or the way he talked. And at

other time he would have said,"【22】, "but 'his leg hurt, and it was a long【23】home. He got【24】The big car started off in a burst of speed. "I【25】who you are," the man said after hesitating for a moment. "I know you're the fellow who makes the【26】on the team. With your working hard, they【27】. Without, they lose. It's as【28】as that." The man【29】up into his pocket and took out a new $ 100 bill (纸币) "There's more where this came from, if you know what I【30】, "he said, breaking into a sly (狡诈的) smile.

(56)

A．clothes

B．looks

C．van

D．motorcycle

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第10题

"We're more than halfway （中途) now; it's only two miles farther to the tavern （客栈) ," s

"We're more than halfway (中途) now; it's only two miles farther to the tavern (客栈) ," said the driver.

"I'm glad of that," answered the stranger, in a more sympathetic way. He meant to say more but the east wind blew clear down a man's throat if he tried to speak. The girl's voice was quite attractive; however, later he spoke again.

"You don't feel the cold so much at twenty below zero in the Western country. There isn't such damp chill (潮冷)", he said, and then it seemed as if he had blamed the uncomplaining young driver. She had not even said that it was a bad day, and he began to be conscious of a warm hopefulness of spirit, and sense of pleasant adventure under all the woolen scarves.

"You'll have a cold drive going back," he said anxiously, and put up his hand for the twentieth time to see if his coat collar was as close to the back of his neck as possible.

"I shall not have to go back!" cried the girl, with eager pleasantness. "I'm on my way home now. I drove over early just to meet you at the train. We had word that someone was coming to the tavern."

How far was the drive from the train to the tavern？

A．One mile.

B．About four miles.

C．Two miles.

D．Less than four miles.

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第11题

Passage Four "We're more than halfway （中途) now; it's only two miles farther to the

Passage Four

"We're more than halfway (中途) now; it's only two miles farther to the tavern (客栈) ," said the driver.

"I'm glad of that," answered the stranger, in a more sympathetic way. He meant to say more but the east wind blew clear down a man's throat if he tried to speak. The girl's voice was quite attractive; however, later he spoke again.

"You don't feel the cold so much at twenty below zero in the Western country. There isn't such damp chill (潮冷)", he said, and then it seemed as if he had blamed the uncomplaining young driver. She had not even said that it was a bad day, and he began to be conscious of a warm hopefulness of spirit, and sense of pleasant adventure under all the woolen scarves.

"You'll have a cold drive going back," he said anxiously, and put up his hand for the twentieth time to see if his coat collar was as close to the back of his neck as possible.

"I shall not have to go back!" cried the girl, with eager pleasantness. "I'm on my way home now. I drove over early just to meet you at the train. We had word that someone was coming to the tavern."

46. How far was the drive from the train to the tavern？

A. One mile.

B. About four miles.

C. Two miles.

D. Less than four miles.

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