David may ________ , but we must go at once． A．stay late B．stay lately C．stay a little

Questionsare based on the following passage．

In London， over half of the homes built between 1919 and 1980 had one garage．But many arebecoming needless．Between 2002 and 2012 the proportion of vehicles kept in garages at night droppedfrom 22% to 14%．This is in part because some households now have more cars than garage space．Butit is also because big modern cars do not fit in older garages， says David Leibling， a transport expert．

Few rust when left outside， and many are more difficult to steal: between 2003 and 2013 the number ofvehicle being stolen in England and Wales fell 76%．Instead， garages now solve a different set ofproblems．

Householders unable to move to larger homes have taken to filling their garages with unnecessaryand unwanted things．Some garages have been converted for aging parents for their convenience， says Paul Bishop， who runs a garage conversion company in Bedfordshire．Also， some young people unableor unwilling to leave home may have an option to live in the garage．In addition， a garage may be rentedto young folks fond of music．It is， more often than not， an ideal place to freely play music．

However， many publicly owned garages lie empty．Of the 6，000 garages owned by Hackney

council， around 40% are free．Over 3，000 garages owned by ten housing associations are unused and the land they take up is unfit for building homes upon， says Steve O"Connell， a councilor at the London Assembly．He thinks they could be turned into small offices．That has already happened in places such as Berlin．

Nevertheless converting garages can be troublesome， says Bill Hodgson of University College London．Few councils are enthusiastic enough to truly support the idea and put it into practice．A recent proposal to turn some garages in north London into shelters for the homeless has been rejected; councillors feared that local residents would not approve．Getting planning permission can be complex，

and developing on local authority land is often faced with various kinds of problems．Like the garages themselves， these plans may be useless and abandoned．

In the viewpoint of David Leibling， many garages are unused for velficles in that__________． 查看材料

A.the number of vehicles in the garages being stolen decreases by 76%

B.big modern vehicles are covered with rust when placed in the garages

C.big modem vehicles do not suit older garages

D.some families have more garages than vehicles

elp. A man in a Paris hospital who needs blood, a woman in Mexico who was injured 【B3】______ an earthquake, and a family in India 【B4】______ lost their home in a storm may all 【B5】______ by the Red Cross.

The Red Cross exists in almost every country 【B6】______ the world. The World Red Cross Organizations are sometimes called the Red Crescent (新月), the Red Mogen David, the Sun, and the Red Lion. All of these agencies 【B7】______ a common goal of trying 【B8】______ people in need.

The idea of forming an organization to help the sick and 【B9】______ during a war started 【B10】______ Jean Henry Dunant. In 1859, he observed 【B11】______ suffering 【B12】______ a battlefield in Italy. He wanted to help all the wounded people 【B13】______ of which side they were 【B14】______ . The most important result of his work was an international treaty 【B15】______ the Geneva Convention(日内瓦公约). It 【B16】______ prisoners of war, the sick and wounded, and 【B17】______ citizens during a war.

The American Red Cross 【B18】______ by Clara Barton in 1881. Today the Red Cross in the United States provides a number of 【B19】______ for the public. Such as helping people in need, teaching first aid, 【B20】______ water safety and artificial respiration, and providing blood.

A．internationally

B．an international

C．a worldly

D．a world's

dy's fast-food franchise in California, the chain's sales fell by half in the San José area where the incident was reported. Wendy's brand and reputation were at risk, until the claim was exposed as a hoax in late April and the company, operator of America's third-biggest hamburger chain, was vindicated.

Yet the share price of Wendy's International, the parent company, rose steadily through March and April, despite the finger furore and downgrades from analysts. One reason was heavy buying by hedge funds, led by Pershing Square Capital. This week Pershing made its intentions public, saying that it was worried by market rumours that Wendy's might soon buy more fast-food brands, and arguing that the firm should be selling assets instead. Pershing's approach indicates rising pressure on American restaurant companies to perform, at a time when the industry's growth prospects look increasingly tough.

The hit on customers' wallets from higher petrol prices and rising interest rates will probably mean that year-on-year sales growth across the American restaurant industry slows to just 1% by the fourth quarter of 2005, down from a five-year historic average of 5.6%, say UBS, an investment bank, and Global Insight, a forecasting group. Looking further ahead, says UBS's David Palmer, the industry may have to stop relying on most of the long-term trends that were behind much of its recent growth.

Three-quarters of Americans already live within three miles of a McDonald's restaurant, leaving little scope for green-field growth. (Obesity is a growing issue in America, and with it come the threat of liability lawsuits against big restaurant chains and, perhaps, legal limits on advertising.) This week America's biggest food trade group, the Grocery Manufacturers' Association, was said to be preparing tougher guidelines on the marketing of food to children, in the hope of staving off statutory controls. Home cooking may also be making a comeback, helped by two factors. The percentage of women joining America's workforce may have peaked, and supermarket chains such as Wal-Mart have been forcing down retail food prices.

Expansion overseas is one option for American restaurant chains. Burger King, the privately owned number two hamburger chain, opened its first outlet in China last month, apparently aiming to maintain strong growth ahead of an initial public offering next year. McDonald's has 600 outlets in China and plans 400 more. But at home, the future seems to hold only an ever more competitive and cost-conscious restaurant industry. Fast-food chains are trying to poach customers from "casual dining" chains (such as Applebee's Neighborhood Grill), while those chains are squeezing out independent restaurants unable to compete on cost or in marketing clout. Business conditions, not severed fingers, are the real threat to the weaker firms in the restaurant business.

The word "hoax"(paragraph 1) probably means

A．truth.

B．joke.

C．revenge.

D．warn.

would include $1 billion for summer jobs for teens. Much of the urgency for the program stems from the private-sector plunge in summer jobs for teenagers over the past few years. It's no secret that the recession walloped teens' jobs as much as it did their parents. But some economists find the clamor for public jobs programs a little ironic, given last year's midrecession minimum wage increase, which may have reduced teen employment even beyond the recessionary drop.

Before the minimum wage jumped to $ 7.25 an hour last summer, University of California-Irvine economist David Neumark estimated that it would lead to an additional 300 000 job losses for teens and young adults. The 2009 wage increase was set in motion in a better labor market in May 2007, when Congress voted to boost the minimum from $ 5.15 an hour to $ 7.25 an hour over the course of the next two years.

It's hard to parse the jobs lost because of the recession and those lost because of the minimum wage increase--there's no direct evaluation of the impact of the wage increase yet--but it's likely that raising the wage floor contributed to the record-high teen unemployment rates, Neumark says. "Almost everyone accepts that minimum wages decrease employment or likely increase unemployment of the least-skilled," he says. Neumark advocated for delaying last year's increase.

The unemployment rate for teenagers was 25.4 percent in April, compared with 9.9 percent overall, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Teens generally have higher unemployment rates. In November 2007, the month before the start of the recession, the unemployment rate for the overall population was 4. 7 percent, versus 16. 2 percent for workers aged 16 to 19. Teen employment has been declining for some time. The percentage of teens with jobs has fallen from about 57 percent in 1989 to about 40 percent in 2007 (both dates reflect healthy economies). The reasons are diverse. For one thing, increased school enrollment appears to account for about a third of that decline, according to the Economic Policy Institute. "For teens, there has been a remarkable long-term shift from summer employment to summer enrollment," reports EPI economist Heidi Shierholz.

One of the critical issues for job-seeking teens is the changing face of the competition, which is increasingly skilled. "Not only are they competing with each other for available positions, but they are competing with recent college graduates and job seekers who have two or more years of on-the-job experience and are willing to take almost any position that provides a steady paycheck," says John Challenger of outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas.

The word "walloped" (Line 3, Paragraph 1) most probably means "______".

A．decreased

B．affected

C．increased

D．hit

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)

For Tony Blair, home is a messy sort of place, where the prime minister's job is not to uphold eternal values but to force through some unpopular changes that may make the country work a bit better. The area where this is most obvious, and where it matters most, is the public services. Mr. Blair faces a difficulty here which is partly of his own making. By focusing his last election campaign on the need to improve hospitals, schools, transport and policing, he built up expectations. Mr. Blair has said many times that reforms in the way the public services work need to go alongside increases in cash.

Mr. Blair has made his task harder by committing a classic negotiating error. Instead of extracting concessions from the other side before promising his own, he has pledged himself to higher spending on public services without getting a commitment to change from the unions. Why, given that this pledge has been made, should the health unions give ground in return？ In a speech on March 20th, Gordon Brown, the chancellor of the exchequer, said that "the something-for-nothing days are over in our public services and there can be no blank cheques." But the government already seems to have given health workers a blank cheque.

Nor are other ministries conveying quite the same message as the treasury. On March 19th, John Hutton, a health minister, announced that cleaners and catering staff in new privately-funded hospitals working for the National Health service will still be government employees, entitled to the same pay and conditions as other health-service workers. Since one of the main ways in which the government hopes to reform. the public sector is by using private providers, and since one of the main ways in which private providers are likely to be able to save money is by cutting labor costs, this move seems to undermine the government's strategy.

Now the government faces its hardest fight. The police need reforming more than any other public service. Half of them, for instance, retire early, at a cost of ＆1 billion a year to the taxpayer. The police have voted 10-1 against proposals from the home secretary, David Blunkett, to reform. their working practices.

This is a fight the government has to win. If the police get away with it, other public service workers will reckon they can too. And, if they all get away it, Mr. Blair's domestic policy——which is what voters are most likely to judge him on a the next election——will be a failure.

What may be the attitude of many public-service workers towards the strategy of Blair's government？

A．Resentful.

B．Accommodative.

C．Supportive.

D．Apprehensive.

Are you well acquainted ______ David？

A．for

B．with

C．at

D．about

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)

She was French; he was English; they had just moved to London from Paris. When he found out about her affair, she begged for a reconciliation. He was more ruthless: the same afternoon, he filed for divorce in France, one of the stingiest jurisdictions in Europe for the non-earning spouse and where adultery affects the court's ruling. Had she filed first in England her conduct would have been irrelevant, and she would have had a good chance of a large share of the marital assets, and even maintenance for life.

International divorce is full of such dramas and anomalies, so the natural response of policymakers is to try to make things simpler and more predictable. But the biggest attempt in recent years to do just that, in a European agreement called Rome Ⅲ, has just been shelved. Instead, several EU countries are now pressing ahead with their own harmonisation deal. Many wonder if it will work any better.

At issue is the vexed question of which country's law applies to the break-up of a mixed marriage. The spouses may live long-term in a third country and be temporarily working in a fourth. The worst way to sort that out is with expensive legal battles in multiple jurisdictions.

The main principle at present is that the first court to be approached hears the case. Introduced in 2001, this practice has worked well in preventing international legal battles, but has made couples much more trigger-happy, because the spouse who hesitates in order to save a troubled marriage may lose a huge amount of money. Rome III aimed to remove the incentive to go to court quickly. Instead, courts in any EU country would automatically apply the local law that had chiefly governed the marriage. This approach is already in force in countries such as the Netherlands. A couple that moved there and sought divorce having spent most of the marriage in France, say, would find a Dutch court dividing assets and handling child custody according to French law.

That works fine among continental European countries where legal systems, based on Roman law, leave little role for precedent or the judge's discretion. You can look up the rules on a website and apply them. But it is anathema in places such as England, where the system favours a thorough (and often expensive) investigation of the details of each case, and then lets judges decide according to previous cases and English law.

Another snag is that what may suit middle-class expatriates in Brussels (who just happened to be the people drafting Rome Ⅲ) may not suit, for example, a mixed marriage that has mainly been based in a country, perhaps not even an EU member, with" a sharply different divorce law. Swedish politicians don't like the idea that their courts would be asked to enforce marriage laws based on, say, Islamic sharia.

The threat of vetoes from Sweden and like-minded countries has blocked Rome Ⅲ. But a group of nine countries, led by Spain and France, is going ahead. They are resorting to a provision in EU rules-never before invoked-called " enhanced co-operation" This sets a precedent for a "multi-speed'" Europe in which like-minded countries are allowed to move towards greater integration, rather than seeking a "big-bang" binding treaty that scoops up the willing and unwilling alike. Some countries worry that using enhanced co-operation will create unmanageable layers of complexity, with EU law replaced by multiple adhoc agreements.

The real lesson may be that Rome III was just too ambitious. A more modest but useful goal would be simply to clarify the factors that determine which court hears a divorce, and then let that court apply its own law. David Hodson, a British expert, proposes an international deal that

A．Divorce filed in England will be advantageous.

B．France stipulates rigid laws towards divorce.

C．In Europe international divorce cases always encounter the problem that which country's law is applicable.

D．International marriages shall be discouraged due to the complexity in divorce affairs.

A.I'm Mike

B.Hello, David

C.Goodbye, David

A.likes flying

B.like to flying

C.like flying