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[主观题]

The men work all week in the factory, and at the end of the week they get their pay. Natur

ally enough, they open the envelopes and they all count the money. One man is standing in the comer. He's counting his money. Suddenly he realizes that it is wrong. He counts the money again. No doubt about it--there is a mistake. There is too much. Five pounds too much. He puts his money carefully in his pocket and says nothing to the others. A week goes by. It's payday again. The men ate counting their pay. The same man is standing in the comer. Suddenly he starts shouting. This time there isn't enough money in his envelope. It's five pounds short. He goes immediately to see the boss. He is very angry.

"Look," he says, "there isn't enough money in my pay envelope." 'What's right," says the boss. "But didn't you notice last week？ There was a mistake. There was too much. Fiver pounds too much." "Yes, that's right," says the man (he is very angry). There was a mistake last week. For one mistake, I can shut my eye--but for two mistakes, no, I can't."

The men get their pay ______.

A．once a month

B．twice a month

C．once a week

D．every five days

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发布时间：2020-09-17

更多“The men work all week in the factory, and at the end of the week they get their pay. Natur”相关的问题

第1题

Passage Four Equal pay for equal work is a phrase used by the American women who feel th

Passage Four

Equal pay for equal work is a phrase used by the American women who feel that they are looked down upon by the society. They say it is not right for women to be paid less than men for the same work.

People who hold the opposite opinion(mainly men)have an answer to this. They say that men have more responsibility than women; a married man is expected to earn money to support his family and to make important decisions, and therefore it is right for men to be paid more. There are some people who hold even stronger opinion than this and are against married women working at all. When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children are given no attention to. If women are encouraged by equal pay to take full-time job, they will be unable to do the things they are supposed to. Women are best at making a comfortable home and bringing up children. They will have to give up their present position in society.

"This is exactly what they want to give up, "the women who disagree say. "They want to escape from the limited place which society expects them to fill, and to have freedom to choose between a job and home life, or a mixture of the two. Women have the right of equal pay and equal opportunities."

These women have expressed their opinions forcefully by using the famous saying, "All men are created equal." They point out that the meaning of this sentence is "all human beings are created equal."

48. The women use the phrase "equal pay for equal work" to demand that______.

A. women's work shouldn't be harder than men's

B. men should be paid less than women

C. people doing harder work should earn more

D. men and women should be paid the same amount of money for the same work

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第2题

Equal pay for equal work is a phrase used by the American women who feel that they are loo

ked down upon by society. They say it is not right for women to be paid less than men for the same work.

People who hold the opposite opinion(mainly men)have an answer to this. They say that men have more responsibility than women; a married man is expected to earn money to support his family and to make the important decision, and therefore it is right for men to be paid more. There are some people who hold even stronger opinion than this and are against married women working at all. When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children are given no attention to. If women are encouraged by equal pay to take full time job, they will be unable to do the things. Women are best at making a comfortable home and bringing up children. They will have to give up their present position in society.

This is exactly what they want to give up, the women who disagree say. They want to escape from the limited place which society expects them to fill, and to have freedom to choose between a job and home life, or mixture of the two. Women have the right of equal pay and equal opportunities.

These women have expressed their opinions forcefully by using the famous saying, "All men are created equal. " They point out that the meaning of this sentence is "all human beings are created equal."

The women use the phrase "equal pay for equal work" to demand that ______.

A．women's work shouldn't be harder than men's

B．men should be paid less than women

C．people doing harder work should earn more

D．men and women should be paid the same amount of money for the same work

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第3题

Equal pay for equal work is a phrase used by the American women who feel that they are loo

ked down upon by the society. They say it is not right for women to be paid less than men for the same work.

These women have expressed their opinions forcefully by using the famous saying, "All men are created equal." They point out that the meaning of this sentence is "all human beings are created equal."

The women use the phrase "equal pay for equal work" to demand that______.

A．women's work shouldn't be harder than men's

B．men should be paid less than women

C．people doing harder work should earn more

D．men and women should be paid the same amount of money for the same work

点击查看答案

第4题

In old days, when a glimpse of stocking was looked upon as something far too shocking to d

istract the serious work of an office, secretaries were men.

Then came the first World War and the male secretaries were replaced by women. A man's secretary became his personal servant, charged with remembering his wife' s birthday and buying her presents; taking his suits to the dry-cleaners; telling lies on the telephone to keep people he did not wish to speak to at bay and, of course, typing and filing and taking shorthand.

Now all this may be changing again. The microchip and high technology is sweeping the British office, taking with it much of the routine clerical work that secretaries did.

"Once office technology takes over generally, the status of the job, will rise again because it will involve only the high-powered work-and then men will want to do it again."

That was said by one of the executives (male) of one of the biggest secretarial agencies in this country. What he has predicted is already under way in the US. One girl described to me a recent temporary job placing men in secretarial jobs in San Francisco. She noted that all the men she dealt with appeared to be gay so possibly that is just a new twist to the old story.

Over here, though, there are men coming onto the job market as secretaries. Classically, girls have learned shorthand and typing and gone into a company to seek their fortune from the bottom——and that's what happened to John Bowman. Although he joined a national grocery chain as secretary to its first woman senior manager, he has since been promoted to an administration job.

"I filled in the application form. and said I could do audio/typing, and in fact I was the only applicant. The girls were reluctant to work for this young, glamorous new woman with all this power in the firm.”

"I did typing at school, and then a commercial course. I just thought it would be useful finding a job. I never got any funny treatment from the girls, though I admit I've never met another male secretary. But then I joined the Post Office as a clerk and carelessly played with the typewriter, and wrote letters, and thought that after all secretaries were getting a good ￡1,000 a year more than clerks like me. There was a shortage at that time, you see."

"It was simpler working for a woman than for a man. I found she made decisions, she told everybody what she thought, and there was none of that male bitchiness, or that stuff 'ring this number for me dear,' which men go in for."

"Don't forget, we were a team——that's how I feel about it——not boss and servant but two people doing different things for the same purpose.

Once high technology has made the job of secretary less routine, will there be male takeover？ Men should beware of thinking that they can walk right into the better jobs. There are a lot of women secretaries who will do the job as well as they because they are as efficient and well trained to cope with word processors and computers, and men.

Before the first World War, female secretaries were rare because they ______.

A．wore stockings

B．were not as serious as men

C．were less efficient than men

D．would have disturbed the other office workers

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第5题

In old days, when a glimpse of stocking was looked upon as something so shocking as to dis

tract the serious work of an office, secretaries were men.

Then came the First World War and the male secretaries were replaced by women. A man's secretary became his personal servant, in charge of remembering his wife's birthday and buying her presents; taking his suits to the dry-cleaners; telling lies on the telephone to keep away people he did not wish to speak to; and, of course, typing and filing and taking shorthand.

Now all this may be changing again. The microchip(芯片) and high technology is sweeping the British office, taking with it much of the routine clerical(文书的) work that secretaries did.

"Once office technology takes over generally, the status of the job will rise again because it will involve the high-tech work and then men will want to do it again. "

That was said by one of the executives(male) of one of the biggest secretarial agencies in this country. What he has predicted is already under way in the U. S.

Once high technology has made the job of secretary less routine (乏味的) , will there be a male takeover？ Men should be careful of thinking that they can walk right into the better jobs. There are a lot of women secretaries who will do the job as well as men—not just because they can buy negligees(妇女长睡衣) for the boss's wife, but because they are as efficient and well trained to cope with word processors and computers as men.

Before 1914 female secretaries were rare because they______.

A．were less efficient and less trained than men

B．were looked down upon by men

C．would have disturbed the other office workers

D．wore stockings and were not as serious as men

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第6题

Male chauvinism--the attitude that women are the passive and inferior servants of society

and of men--sets women apart from the rest of the working class. Even when they do the same work as men, women are not considered workers in the same sense, with the need and right to work to provide for their families or to support themselves independently. They are expected to accept work at lower wages and without job security. Thus they can be used as a marginal or reserve labor force when profits depend on extra low costs or when men are needed for war.

Women are not supposed to be independent, so they are not supposed to have any "right to work". This means, in effect, that although they do work, they are denied the right to organize and fight for better wages and conditions. Thus the role of women in the labor force undermines the struggles of male workers as well. The boss can break a union drive by threatening to hire lower paid women or blacks. In many cases, where women are organized, the union contract reinforces their inferior position, making women the least loyal and militant union members. (Standard Oil workers in San Francisco recently paid the price of male supremacy. Women at Standard Oil have the least chance for advancement and decent pay, and the union has done little to fight this. Not surprisingly, women formed the core of the back to work move that eventually broke the strike.)

In general, because women are defined as docile, helpless, and inferior, they are forced into the most demeaning and mind rotting jobs--from scrubbing floors to filing cards--under the most oppressive conditions where they are treated like children or slaves. Their very position reinforces the idea, even among the women themselves, that they are fit for and should be satisfied with this kind of work.

Apart from the direct, material exploitation of women, male supremacy acts in more subtle ways to undermine class consciousness. The tendency of male workers to think of themselves primarily as men (i.e., powerful) rather than as workers (i. e., members of an oppressed group) promotes a false sense of privilege and power, and an identification with the world of men, including the boss. The petty dictatorship which most men exercise over their wives and families enables them to vent their anger and frustration in a way which poses no challenge to the system. The role of the man in the family reinforces aggressive individualism, authoritarianism, and a hierarchical view of social relations--values which are fundamental to the perpetuation (不朽) of capitalism. In this system we are taught to relieve our fears and frustrations by brutalizing those weaker than we are: a man in uniform. turns into a pig; the foreman intimidates the man on the line; the husband beats his wife, child, and dog.

Unfair working status of women also produces negative effects on men in that ______.

A．men face the threat of being replaced by low wage women

B．men have to deal with women's complaints all the time

C．women's low income often irritate their husbands

D．women's inferior working condition worries their husbands

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第7题

Our visit to the excavation of a Roman fort on a hill near Coventry was of more than archa

eological interest. The year's dig had been a fruitful one and had assembled evidence of a permanent military camp much larger than had at first been conjectured. We were greeted on the site by a group of excavators, some of them filling in a trench that had yielded an almost complete pot the day before, others enjoying the last-day luxury of a cigarette in the sun, but all happy to explain and talk about their work. If we had not already known it, nothing would have suggested that this was a party of prisoners from the nearby prison. This is not the first time that prison labour has been used in work of this kind, but here the experiment, now two years old, has proved outstandingly satisfactory.

From the archaeologists' point of view, prisoners provide a steady force of disciplined labour throughout the entire season, men to whom it is a serious day's work, and not the rather carefree holiday job that it tends to be for the .amateur archaeologist. Newcomers are comparatively few, and can soon be initiated by those already trained in the work. Prisoners may also be more accustomed to heavy work like shovelling and carting soil than the majority of students, and they also form. a fair cross-section of the population and can furnish men whose special skills make them valuable as surveyors, draughtsmen of pottery restorers. When Coventry's Keeper of Archaeology went to the prison to appeal for help, he was received cautiously by the men, but when the importance of the work was fully understood, far more volunteers were forthcoming than could actually be employed. When they got to work on the site, and their efforts produced pottery and building foundations in what until last year had been an ordinary field, their enthusiasm grew till they would sometimes work through their lunch hour and tea break, and even carry on in the rain rather than sit it out in the hut. This was undoubtedly because the work was not only strenuous but absorbing, and called for considerable intelligence. The men worked always under professional supervision, but as the season went on they needed less guidance and knew when an expert should be summoned. Disciplinary problems were negligible, the men were carefully selected for their good conduct and working on a party like this was too valuable a privilege to be thrown away.

The Keeper of Archaeology said that this was by far the most satisfactory form. of labour that he had ever had, and that it had produced results, in quantity and quality, that could not have been achieved by any other means. A turf and timber fort built near the Roman highway through the middle of England in the first century AD had been excavated over an area of 14,000 square feet, and a se ction of turf rampart and palisade fully reconstructed by methods identical to those employed by the Roman army.

The restoration of the Roman fort is being financed by Coventry Corporation as part of a plan to create a leisure amenity area. To this project prisoners have contributed work which otherwise would not have been performed and which benefits the whole community.

The visit to the excavation site was______

A．of purely archaeological interest

B．fruitful because a complete pot was discovered

C．interesting in more than one way

D．made by a group of prisoners

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第8题

Seven years ago, a group of female scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

produced a piece of research showing that senior women professors in the institute's school of science had lower salaries and received fewer resources for research than their male counterparts did. Discrimination against female scientists has cropped up elsewhere. One study—conducted in Sweden, of all places—showed that female medical-research scientists had to be twice as good as men to win research grants. These pieces of work, though, were relatively small-scale. Now, a much larger study has found that discrimination plays a role in the pay gap between male and female scientists at British universities.

Sara Connolly, a researcher at the University of East Anglia's school of economics, has been analyzing the results of a survey of over 7,000 scientists and she has just presented her findings at this year's meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in Norwich. She found that the average pay gap between male and female academics working in science, engineering and technology is around ￡ 1,500 ($2,850) a year.

That is not, of course, irrefutable proof of discrimination. An alternative hypothesis is that the courses of men's and women's lives mean the gap is caused by something else; women taking "career breaks" to have children, for example, and thus rising more slowly through the hierarchy. Unfortunately for that idea, Dr. Connolly found that men are also likely to earn more within any given grade of the hierarchy. Male professors, for example, earn over ￡ 4,000 a year more than female ones.

To prove the point beyond doubt, Dr. Connolly worked out how much of the overall pay differential was explained by differences such as seniority, experience and age, and how much was unexplained, and therefore suggestive of discrimination. Explicable differences amounted to 77% of the overall pay gap between the sexes. That still left a substantial 23% gap in pay, which Dr. Connolly attributes to discrimination.

Besides pay, her study also looked at the " glass-ceiling" effect—namely that at all stages of a woman's career she is less likely than her male colleagues to be promoted. Between postdoctoral and lecturer level, men are more likely to be promoted than women are, by a factor of between 1.04 and 2.45. Such differences are bigger at higher grades, with the hardest move of all being for a woman to settle into a professorial chair.

Of course, it might be that, at each grade, men do more work than women, to make themselves more eligible for promotion. But that explanation, too, seems to be wrong. Unlike the previous studies, Dr. Connolly's compared the experience of scientists in universities with that of those in other sorts of laboratory. It turns out that female academic researchers face more barriers to promotion, and have a wider gap between their pay and that of their male counterparts, than do their sisters in industry or research institutes independent of universities. Private enterprise, in other words, delivers more equality than the supposedly egalitarian world of academia does.

The phrase "cropped up" in the first paragraph most probably means______.

A．planted

B．thrived

C．elevated

D．happened

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第9题

根据以下资料，回答9~12题。 If you are like most people, your intelligence varies from seas

on to season．You are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of the year．A noted scientist, Ellsworth Huntington (1876-1947), concluded from other men's work and his own among peoples in different climates that climate and temperature have a definite effect on our mental abilities. He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than is summer heat．This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year．It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer. Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking．One reason may be that in the spring man's mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature. Fall is the next-best season, then winter．As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking! Ellsworth Huntington decided that climate and temperature have __. A．a great effect on everyone's intelligence B．same effect on most persons' intelligence C．some effect on a few persons' intelligence D．no effect on most persons' intelligence

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第10题

Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappi

ness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide on, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover, the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of idle rich men suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from toil. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying around the world, but number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of whose earthshaking importance they are firmly persuaded.

Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his day. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possiblely find.

The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can acquire. However, dull work may be, it becomes hearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in one's own circle.

According to the passage, what is the author's opinion about work？

A．Work is very tiresome, especially when too excessive.

B．Work is a cause of greatest delight of life.

C．Work can at least give relief from boredom.

D．Work can keep people busy as if they were poor.

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