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[主观题]

Many families in the United States have a larger income now than ever before, but people a

re finding it difficult to make ends meet anyway. Almost everyone is wondering," What happens to all my money？ I never seem to have anything left to put away."

Why isn't dollar worth as much as it used to be？ One dollar is always worth the same amount, that is, 100 cents. But the value of a dollar is how much it can buy. The value of money depends on the cost of living. Economists say that the cost of living is the money that a family must pay for the necessities of life such as food, housing or rent, clothes, and medical expenses. For many years now, the cost of living has increased greatly, so the value of the dollar has decreased. When a dollar has a low value, you cannot buy as many things with it.

No one fully understands why the cost of living keeps increasing, but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up. As workers earn more money, they have more money to spend, so they demand more goods. If there is a great demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go up. At the same time, if there's a shortage of goods, the prices also go up. For example, if everyone wants to buy more and more gas, the price of gas goes up. When companies withhold gas from buyers, they can also make the price of gas go up.

Families need to know what happens to their money. They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget (预算). A budget is a list of monthly expenses. If your expenses add up to more than your income, you must find ways to save money. Maybe you're spending too much on entertainment. Or if you're spending too much on clothes, you may want to sew your own clothes. Budgeting helps you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases.

What has troubled many families in the United States？

A．A not-large-enough income.

B．Nothing is left over to put away.

C．The increasing cost of living.

D．A shortage of certain goods.

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发布时间：2020-09-17

更多“Many families in the United States have a larger income now than ever before, but people a”相关的问题

第1题

Last summer, some twenty-eight thousand homeless people were afforded shelter by the city

of New York. Of this number, twelve thou sand were children and six thousand were parents living together in families. The average child was six years old, the average parent twenty seven. A typical homeless family included a mother with two or three children, but in about one-fifth of these families two parents were present. Roughly ten thousand single persons, then, made up the remainder of the population of the city's shelter.

These proportions vary somewhat from one area of the nation to another. In all areas, however, families are the fastest-growing sector of the homeless population, and in the Northeast they are by far the largest sector already. In Massachusetts, three-fourths of the homeless now are families with children; in certain parts of Massachusetts—Attleboro and Northampton, for example—the proportion reaches 90 percent. Two thirds of the homeless children studied recently in Boston were less than five years old.

Of the estimated two to three million homeless people nationwide, about 500,000 are dependent children, according to Robert Hayes, counsel to the National Coalition for the homeless. Including their parents, at least 750,000 homeless people in America are family members.

What is to be made, then, of the supposition that the homeless are primarily the former residents of mental hospitals, persons who were carelessly released during the 1970s？ Many of them are, to be sure. Among the older men and women in the streets and shelters, as many as one-third (some believe as many as one-half) may be chronically disturbed, and a number of these people left mental hospitals during the 1970s. But in a city like New York, where nearly half the homeless are small children with an average of six, to operate on the basis of such a supposition makes no sense. Their parents, with an average age of twenty-seven, are not likely to have been hospitalized in the 1970s, either.

According to the statistics, among the homeless in New York there were ______.

A．more people in a families than single persons

B．about six thousand families

C．3 children in a family

D．more families with two parents than one

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第2题

Although Gallup polls in the late 1990s showed young adults more accepting of gay and

lesbian families, many Americans still consider homosexual marriage illegitimate.()

此题为判断题(对，错)。

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第3题

WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEinthepassage？ A.Thetwo-wayradioislikeatelephoneforAustrali

Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the passage？

A. The two-way radio is like a telephone for Australian farmers.

B. Families on large farms could keep in touch with each other by radios.

C. The two-way radio is like a newspaper for Australian farmers.

D. All the Australians live on dry places, and they use radios in many ways.

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第4题

Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？（)A．Some people use t

Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？ ()

A．Some people use telephone for idle or inquisitive talk.

B．It is quite difficult to get access to a public phone in England although many families have a telephone in their house.

C．The author is exhilarated to get the phone answered in the end.

D．English people are fond of literature.

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第5题

In the 1900's, American townspeople usually washed and brushed their teeth and combed thei

r hair in the kitchen. Or they kept a water pitcher (大水罐) and a wash basin in their rooms and took care of these things there.

The bathtub was a wash tub (澡盆) filled with water from the stove. If you were small enough you could sit down by drawing your knees to your chest, Otherwise, you washed yourself standing up. Often all the women and girls in the family bathed together. Then the men and boys did. In most families this was Saturday-night because Sundays they went to church.

A small number of families did have running water. But that depended on Whether there was a water system where they lived and on whether they could afford the plumbing (水管实施 ). Some people had bathtubs in their homes as early as 1895. But many others did not have their first bath in a bathtub until 1910 or later when they were fifteen or sixteen years old.

In the first paragraph, "took care of" means ______.

A．kept

B．looked after

C．used

D．kept and used

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第6题

In the past, American families【36】to be quite large. Parents【37】five or more children were

common. Over the years, the【38】of the family has decreased. One mason for this is an increase in the【39】of living.【40】the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them【41】dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better【42】, and have more money to spend on【43】. The parents usually take the responsibility【44】all the expenses.

Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers【45】away from home. The break-up of the family occurs when the parents【46】. A lot of children in the USA. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result【47】problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling【48】as they are moved【49】between parents. Usually one parent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children's emotional and psychological【50】while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and【51】very little time for the parent's own personal【52】. Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are【53】to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs【54】that things are getting better. The divorce rate is【55】. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are.

(66)

A．tended

B．wanted

C．seemed

D．extended

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第7题

Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by c

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)

The subject of my study is a woman who is initiating social change in a small region in Texas. The women are Mexican Americans who are, or were, migrant agricultural workers. There is more than one kind of innovation at work in the region, of course, but I have chosen to focus on three related patterns of family behavior.

The pattern I lifestyle. represents how migrant farm workers of all nationalities lived in the past and how many continue to live. I treat this pattern as a baseline with which to compare the changes represented by pattern II and III. Families in pattern I work and travel in ex tended kin units, with the eldest male occupying the position of authority. Families are large？ Eight or nine children are not unusual？ And all members are economic contributors in this strategy of family migration. Families in pattern II manifest some differences in behavior. while still maintaining aspects of pattern I. They continue to migrate but on a reduced scale, often modifying their schedules of migration to allow children to finish the school year. Parents in this pattern often find temporary local jobs as checkers to make up for lost farming income. Pat tern II families usually have fewer children than do pattern I families.

The greatest amount of change from pattern I, however, is in pattern III families, who no longer migrate at all. Both parents work full time in the area and have an average of three children. Children attend school for the entire year. In pattern III, the women in particular create new roles for themselves for which no local models exist. They not only work full time but may, in addition, return to school. They also assume a greater responsibility in family decisions than do women in the other patterns. Although these women are in the minority among residents of the region, they serve as role models for others, causing moderate changes to spread in their communities.

Now opportunities have continued to be determined by pre-existing values. When federal jobs became available in the region, most involved working under the direction of female professionals such as teachers or nurses. Such positions were unaccepted to many men in the area because they were not accustomed to being subordinate to women. Women therefore took the jobs, at first, because the income was desperately needed. But some of the women decided to stay at their jobs, at first, after the family's distress, was over. These women enjoyed their work, its responsibility, and the companionship of fellow women workers. The steady, relatively high income allowed their families to stop migrating. And, as the benefits to these women became increasingly apparent, they and their families became even more willing to consider changes in their lives that they would not have considered before.

Which of the following titles best reflects the main focus of the passage？

A．A Survey of Three Mexican-American Families at Work in Texas.

B．Innovative Career Women: Effects on Family Unity.

C．Changes in the Life-styles of Migrant Mexican-American Families.

D．Farming of Family: The Unavoidable Choice for Migrant Farm Workers.

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第8题

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency （crimes committed by young peo

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories【B1】on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior【B2】they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learn ed criminal behavior. through【B3】with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in【B4】to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status【B5】as a rejection of middle-class values.

Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,【B6】the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes【B7】lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are【B8】to criticism.

Changes in the social structure may indirectly【B9】juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that【B10】to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment【B11】make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in【B12】lead more youths into criminal behavior.

Families have also【B13】changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents;【B14】, children are likely to have less supervision at home【B15】was common in the traditional family【B16】. This la& of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other【B17】causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased【B18】of drugs and alcohol, and the growing【B19】of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act,【B20】a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

【B1】

A．acting

B．relying

C．centering

D．cemmenting

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第9题

Australia is nearly as large as the United States, but most of it is too dry for peopl

e to live in.Around this dry part are large sheep and cow farms.A few of them are as large as the smallest states in America.Often the nearest neighbors are several hundred kilometers away.

The two-way radio is very important to people who live on these great Australian farms.It works much like a telephone.A person can listen to someone else talk and then give an answer.For example, people on the large farms could talk to a doctor far away.They could tell the doctor about someone who was ill, and the doctor could let them know how to look after the sick person.

As the large farms were so far from towns, the children could not go to school.Radio schools were started for them in some places.At a certain time each day, boys and girls turn on their radios and listen to teachers in cities far away.

Families on the large farms wanted to give news to their neighbors.The program "Round Robin" talks by radio was started to keep families in touch with each other.They could talk about who was going away and who was ill.The men could talk about their sheep and cows and how much money the markets would pay for them.In many ways the radio became a newspaper for the farm people of Australia.

1、From the first paragraph, we know there are some very large farms in Australia.()

2、"The two-way radio" in the 2nd paragraph is useful for children only.()

3、The "the sick person" in the second paragraph means the person who is ill.()

4、The children on the large farms far away could have lessons on the radios.()

5、All the Australians live on dry places, and they use radios in many ways.()

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第10题

Sharon Keating was worried about her kids when she got a divorce. Her daughter says, "I wa

s feeling... like down and sad and even though I did't really show it."

Judith Wallerstein says problems from divorce can last many years. They can show up when the kids are adults. And the kids have their own trouble. Wallerstein studied 93 children over a generation. The results can be found in her book.

She says that children of divorce are more likely to have problems with drugs. They are far more likely to seek therapy. About 40 percent of them avoid marriage themselves. When they do marry, fail at nearly twice the usual rate. It is hard for them to trust. They are afraid of failing.

Critics say Wallerstein had too few children in her study. They think that Wallerstein stresses too much from a small study. Other things may be the cause of the kid's problems. The study does not compare kids from divorced families with kids from "healthy" families.

Wallerstein's families divorced a generation ago. Times have changed. People feel different a bout divorce. Today programs like Kid's Turn try to reduce some of the effects of divorce with family advice. Talking about their feelings helps the kids get through it. Since they know more about the problems, maybe the kids will be able to handle it.

Which word can best describe the kids from divorced families according to Paragraph 1？

A．Offensive.

B．Relieved

C．Depressed

D．Prejudiced

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