The only thing to do now is to ___yourself in some efficient work.

Passage One

Animals have different ways of protecting themselves against wintertime weather. Some animals grow heavy coats of fur or feathers, while others dig into the ground to find a warm wintertime home.

Some animals spend the winter in a deep sleep because by going to sleep they avoid the time of the year when food is scarce and the temperatures are low. Their sleep is known as hibernation.

There is much about hibernation that puzzles scientists. For example, they are wondering how hibernation came into being. Some scientists have explored the possibility that animals release a chemical that starts them hibernating.

One thing that scientists are certain about is that animals hibernate only when it is cold. Hibernation is a seasonal practice.

Some animals that fall into a wintertime sleep are not true hibernators because they spend only a part of the cold season asleep. Bears, for example, can easily be awakened from their winter nap. They are not true hibernators.

Sometimes it is difficult to determine whether a particular animal is a true hibernator. For example, some mice hibernate, but others do not. The same is true of bats. Some of them hibernate. Others do not.

36. Hibernation is a seasonal practice. This means it ______.

A. takes place only during a particular season

B. occurs only during the night

C. is a daily practice

D. only happens when a species becomes over-populated

him happy may not【23】for Others. And even worse, someone may spend all his【24】looking for happiness, but in vain(徒然).

In the past, I tried my best to【25】myself happy. I thought if I could freely get and do what I wanted to, I【26】be happy. Certainly, it was possible but I was【27】Though I could be happy at times, I couldn't keep my happiness for a long time. Why？ One day, when I told a friend of mine what I【28】about happiness, he smiled and said only a few words, "Happiness is not a single thing but a by- product(副产品)." I was surprised, but he was really【29】

Someone thinks money can【30】everything, but when he becomes a millionaire after his work, perhaps he【31】find that he has new【32】. And he has to go to church for【33】. Sometimes love can bring happiness,【34】at other times it【35】misunderstanding, tiredness, and even quarrelling. Happiness is only a by-product of all【36】of things you love to do. You can not grasp it in a【37】way. That is, it is not a thing existing in material form. but in your senses. You should tell yourself, "I do not【38】whether I'm happy or not. But I must love my life." And one day you will suddenly find happiness【39】has quietly【40】.

(41)

A．what

B．that

C．which

D．it

500 feet. At this point the party had to stop climbing because one of the boys became seriously ill. The only thing the master could do was to return to the mountain hut where they had spent the night. From there, he telephoned the police. As no rescue party could reach the boy quickly enough, the Royal Air Force Rescue Center sent a helicopter with a policeman and a doctor on board. The helicopter soon arrived on the scene, but the Sides of the mountain were so steep that it could not land. A helicopter usually lands on four wheels, but it can land on two. However, the slope was too steep even for that. The pilot, therefore, kept the helicopter in the air with only one wheel touching the mountainside while the party carried the boy on board.

The group of boys had to stop because ______.

A．they had reached the peak

B．one of the boys was badly injured

C．one of the boys was sick

D．they had to return to the hut

eeds．Creating your presentation with your audience in mind will assure that your audience will follow you．If your presentation doesn't appeal to your audience- no matter how well you have developed your presentation-- your presentation will fall on deaf ears．This leads us to the next rule: Know your material thoroughly．Your material needs to be second nature to you．Practice and rehearse your presentation with friends, in front of a mirror, and with colleagues．If you are speaking in a second language, make sure that you record yourself and listen to a number of times before going to practice with a native speaker (if possible). Remember that you are an actor when presenting．Make sure that not only your physical appearance is appropriate to the occasion, but also the tone you use is well chosen．If your topic is serious, be solemn．However, it's always a good idea to begin your presentation with an ice-breaker．Don't worry about making friends, rather lead the audience through your materials in a calm and relaxed manner．Speak slowly and clearly, and remember to address everyone in the audience - even the person the farthest away from you. To achieve the above goals follow these tips when giving your presentation: ● Speak with conviction．Believe what you are saying and you will persuade your audience． ● Do not read from notes．Referring to notes is fine, but do so only briefly. ● Maintain eye contact with your audience．Making direct eye contact with individuals will help them feel as if they are participating in your presentation. ● Bring handouts．Don't just use a PowerPoint presentation．Provide audience members with handouts of the most important materials so they can keep your most important takeaways in mind. ● Know when to stop．This cannot be underestimated．You need to make your case, but continuing for too long will only ensure that the audience forgets what you have said. What is the most important thing to remember when making a presentation？ A．Match your presentation to the needs of your audience. B．Make sure to wear your best clothes. C．Bring detailed handouts. D．Know your material thoroughly.

g trained in modern ways of fighting, and one of the things they were shown was how an unarmed man could trick an armed enemy and take his weapon away from him．First one of their two instructors took a knife away from the other, using only his bare hands; and then he took a rifle away from him in the same way．After the lesson, and before they went on to train the young soldiers to do these things themselves, the two instructors asked them a number of questions to see how well they had understood what they had been shown．One of the questions was this: “Well, you now know what an unarmed man can do against a man with a rifle．Imagine that you are guarding a bridge at night, and that you have a rifle．Suddenly you see an unarmed enemy soldier coming towards you．What will you do？” The young soldier who had to answer this question thought carefully for a few seconds before he answered, and then said, “Well, after what I have just seen, I think that the first thing I would do would be to get rid of my rifle as quickly as I could, so that the unarmed enemy couldn't take it from me and kill me with it!” The instructors were teaching the soldiers __. A．how to use weapons B．how to manage without weapons C．how to beat the enemy barehanded D．how to fight with enemy

s don't count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.

Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not-so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, mom than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.

Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable？ Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieces while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group-college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual's accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will he promoted.

Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappo, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.

In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: in terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire to managerial positions do not get on as well as women' who may be less attractive.

According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as a manager______.

A．a person's property or debts do not matter much

B．a person's outward appearance is not a critical qualification

C．women should always dress fashionably

D．women should not only he attractive but also high-minded

of the poor into the hands of the rich does no ultimate harm, since in whosever hands it may be, it must be spent at last, and thus, they think, return to the poor again. This fallacy has been again and again exposed; but granting the plea true, the same apology may, of course, be made for blackmail, or any other form. of robbery. It might be (though practically it never is) as advantageous for the notion that the robber should have the spending of the money he extorts, as that the person robbed should have spent it. But this is no excuse for the theft. If I were to put a tollgate on the road where it passes my own gate, and endeavor to extract a shilling from every passenger, the public would soon do away with my gate, without listening to any pleas on my part that it was as advantageous to them, in the end, that I should spend their shillings, as that they themselves should. But if, instead of outfacing them with a tollgate, I can only persuade them to come in and buy stones, or old iron, or any other useless thing, out of my ground, I may rob them to the same extent and, moreover, be thanked as a public benefactor and promoter of commercial prosperity.

And this main question for the poor of England—for the poor of all countries—is wholly omitted in every writing on the subject of wealth. Even by the laborers themselves, the operation of capital is regarded only in its effect on their immediate interests, never in the far more terrific power of its appointment of the kind and the object of labor. It matters little, ultimately, how much a laborer is paid for making anything, but it matters fearfully what the thing is which he is compelled to make. If his labor is so ordered as to produce food, fresh air, and fresh water, no matter that his wages are low, the food and the fresh air and water will be at last there, and he will at last get them. But if he is paid to destroy food and fresh air, or to produce iron bars instead of them, the food and air will finally not be there, and he will not get them, to his great and final inconvenience. So that, conclusively, in political as in household economy, the great question is not so much what money you have in your pocket, as what you will buy with it and do with it.

The author gives the example of a tollgate in the first paragraph to indicate that

A．it is an act of robbery.

B．it is an impractical plan.

C．it will break the law.

D．it can make people rich.

avoid ______.

A．from being beaten

B．being beaten

C．beating

D．to be beaten

English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.

Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter's speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of "whom", for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.

But the cult of the authentic and the personal, "doing our own thing", has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form. that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.

Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like, care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive—there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas, He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.

Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms—he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English "on paper plates instead of china". A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.

According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English ______.

A．is inevitable in radical education reforms

B．is but all too natural in language development

C．has caused the controversy over the counter-culture

D．brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s

r holiday travel plans—didn't start this year, nor did it even start on a ship. It began, as far as the Centers for Disease Control(CDC) can tell, in Norwalk, U.S., in October 1968, when 116 elementary school children and teachers suddenly became iii. The CDC investigated, and the cause was discovered to be a small, spherical, previously unclassified virus that scientists named, appropriately enough, the Norwalk virus.

Flash forward 34 years, and Norwalk-like viruses (there's a whole family of them) are all over the news as one ocean liner after another limps into port with passengers complaining of nausea and vomiting. The CDC, which gets called in whenever more than 2% of a vessel's passengers come down with the same disease, identified Norwalk as the infectious agent and oversaw thorough ship cleaning—which, to the dismay of the owners of the cruise lines, haven't made the problem go away.

So are we in the middle of an oceangoing epidemic？ Not according to Dave Forney, chief of the CDC's vessel-sanitation program. He sees this kind of thing all the time; a similar outbreak on sever al ships in Alaska last year got almost no press. In fact, he says, as far as gastrointestinal illness goes, fewer people may be getting sick this year than last.

Norwalk-like viruses, it turns out, are extremely common—perhaps second only to cold viruses-and they tend to break out whenever people congregate in close quarters for more than two or three days. Oceangoing pleasure ships provide excellent breeding grounds, but so do schools, hotels, camps, nursing homes and hospitals. "Whenever we look for this virus," says Dr. Marc Widdowson, a CDC epidemiologist, "we find it." Just last week 100 students (of 500) at the Varsity Acres Elementary School in Calgary, Canada, stayed home sick. School trick？ Hardly. The Norwalk virus had struck again.

If ocean cruises are your idea of fun, don't despair. This might even be a great time to go shipping for a bargain. The ships have been cleaned. The food and water have been examined and found virus free. According to the CDC, it was probably the passengers who brought the virus aboard.

Of course, if you are ill or recovering from a stomach bug, you might do everybody a favor and put off your travel until the infectious period has passed (it can take a couple of weeks). To reduce your chances of getting sick, the best thing to do is wash your hands—frequently and thoroughly—and keep them out of' your mouth.

One more thing: if, like me, you are prone to motion sickness, don't forget to pack your Drama mine.

According to the passage, CDC is an organization that

A．works against the Norwalk-like viruses.

B．helps to control diseases.

C．specialized in treat virus in ocean liners.

D．works for the benefits of cruise owners.

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)

A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One's physical assets and liabilities don't count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.

Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not-so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their patents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.

The scientists' typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group—college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual's accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.

Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappo, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.

In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: in terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.

According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as a manager

A．a person's property or debts do not matter much.

B．a person's outward appearance is not a critical qualification.

C．women should always dress fashionably.

D．women should not only be attractive but also high-minded.