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Often the speech prepared by a professional writer for a boss______.
A．is very professional and tactful
B．expresses the writer's idea of the matter
C．expresses the boss' idea of the matter
D．expresses the ideas of both
答案
更多“Often the speech prepared by a professional writer for a boss______.A．is very professional”相关的问题
第1题
A.intonation
B. tone
C. stress
D. register
第2题
What is not so widely known is that this special relationship often acts as brake on twins' intellectual development. As they are partly isolated in their own private world, twins communicate less with adults than do other children. The verbal ability of a four-year-old twin is typically six months behind that of a non-twin. The problem can be particularly severe in a deprived home, a one-parent family for example, where there is little stimulation for children anyway.
Such children, while capable of mutual comprehension in a private language, often remain in comprehensible to outsiders and thus at a severe educational disadvantage. The only solution to the problem, cruel though it may seem, is to separate the twins thus forcing them to acquire ordinary speech helped and guided by sympathetic parents and teachers.
Many people don' t know that ______.
A．twins understand each other very well
B．twins are slow to learn to talk
C．twins are unlikely to do less well at school than other children
D．there exists more communication between twins
第3题
There are many reasons for speaking in public. A public speaker may hope to teach an audience about new ideas, for example, or provide information-about some topic. Creating a good feeling or entertaining an audience may be another purpose. Public speakers, however, most often seek to persuade an audience to adopt new opinions, to take certain actions, or to see the world in a new way.
Public speakers usually know well in advance when they are scheduled to make an address. Consequently, they are able to prepare their message before they deliver it. Sometimes, though, speakers must deliver the message unprepared, or off the cuff, such as when they are asked to offer a toast at a wedding reception or to participate in a televised debate or interview.
When they do not have to speak unprepared, most speakers write their own speeches. Politicians and business executives sometimes employ professional writers who prepare their speeches for them. These professional writers may work alone or in small teams. Although the speaker may have some input into the contents of the speech, the writers sometimes have a great influence over the opinions expressed by their employers. Regardless of how a speech is prepared, the person who delivers it is given credit for its effect upon its hearers.
Public speaking is well known to the average people because______.
A．most of them have been trained as public speakers
B．such activities are prevalent in the society
C．most of them have to do it when they study at college
D．the passage does not mention the reason
第4题
Even in England there are many (5)_____ in regional character and speech. The chief (6)_____ is between southern England and northern England. South of a (7)_____ going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by foreign students, (8)_____ there are local variations.
Further north, regional speech is usually" (9)_____ "than that of southern Britain. Northerners are (10)_____ to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more (11)_____ They are openhearted and hospitable; foreigners often find that they make friends with them (12)_____. Northerners generally have hearty (13)_____: the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous (14)_____ at meal times.
In accent and character the people of the Midlands (15)_____ a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman.
In Scotland the sound (16)_____ by the letter "R" is generally a strong sound, and "R" is often pronounced in words in which it would be (17)_____ in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, (18)_____ inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently (19)_____ as being more "fiery" than the English. They are (20)_____ a race that is quite distinct from the English.
A．In consequence
B．In brief
C．In general
D．In fact
第5题
" Come on, boy. Believe in yourself. You are sure to【36】. " Mother and I talked about many different topics. At last I【37】the topic"Believe in yourself". I tried my best to remember all the speech and practised it over 100【38】. With my mother's great love, I did【39】in the contest. I could hardly believe my【40】when it was announced that I had won the first place. I heard the cheers【41】the teachers and the students. Those classmates【42】once looked down upon me, now all said" Congratulations'"【43】me. My mother hugged me and cried excitedly.
【44】then, everything has changed for me. When I do anything, I try to tell【45】to be sure and I will find myself. This is true not only for a person but also for a country.
(31)
A．too
B．so
C．quite
D．very
第6题
It is true that parents often find it difficult to win their children ' s【65】and they tend to forget how they themselves felt when young.
For example, young people like to act on the spot【66】much thinking. It is one of their ways to show that they have grown up and they can【67】any difficult situation. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan things ahead, at【68】in the back of their minds, and do not like their plans to be upset by something unexpected.
When you want your parents to let you【69】something, you will have better success if you ask before you really start doing it.
Young people often make their parents angry at their【70】in clothes, in entertainment and in music. But they do not【71】to cause any trouble; it is just that they feel cut off from the older people' s world, into which they have not yet been【72】. That' s why young people want to make a new culture of their【73】And if their parents do not like their music【74】entertainment or clothes or their way or speech, this will make the young people extremely happy.
Sometimes you are so proud【75】yourself that you do not want your parents to say "yes" to【76】you do. All you want is to be left alone and do what you like. It is natural enough, after being a child【77】so many years, when you were completely【78】your parent' s control.
If you plan to control your life, you' d better【79】your parents over and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have a high sense of【80】, they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.
(61)
A．our
B．his
C．their
D．her
第7题
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
It is evident that there is a close connection between the capacity to use language and the capacities covered by the verb" to think". Indeed, me writers have identified thinking with using words: Plato coined the saying, "In thinking the soul is talking to itself"; J. B. Watson reduced thinking to inhibited speech located in the minute movements or tensions of the physiological mechanisms involved in speaking; and although Ryle is careful to point out that there are many senses in which a person is said to think in which words are not in evidence, he has also said that saying something in a specific frame. of mind is thinking a thought.
Is thinking reducible to, or dependent upon, language habits？ It would seem that many thinking situations are hardly distinguishable from the skilful use of language, although there are some others in which language is not involved. Thought cannot be simply identified with running language. It may be the case, of course, that the non-linguistic skills involved in thought can only be acquired and developed if the learner is able to use and understand language. However, this question is one which we cannot hope to answer in this book. Obviously being able to use language makes for a considerable development in all one's capacities but how precisely this comes about we cannot say.
At the common-sense level it appears that there is often a distinction between thought and the words we employ to communicate with other people. We often have to struggle hard to find words to capture what our thinking has already grasped, and when we do find words we sometimes feel that they fail to do their job properly. Again when we report or describe our thinking to other people we do not merely report unspoken words and sentences. Such sentences do not always occur in thinking, and when they do they axe merged with vague imagery and the hint of unconscious or subliminal activities going on just out of range. Thinking, as it happens, is more like struggling, striving, or searching for something than it is like talking or reading. Words do play their part but they are rarely the only feature of thought. This observation is supported by the experiments of the Wurzburg psychologists reported in Chapter Eight who showed that intelligent adaptive responses can occur in problem solving situations without the use of either words or images of any kind; ",Set" and "determining tendencies" operate without the actual use of language in helping us to think purposefully and intelligently.
Again the Study of speech disorders due to brain injury or disease suggest that patients can think without having adequate control over their language, some patients, for example, fail to find the names of objects presented to them and are unable to describe simple events which they witness; they even find it difficult to interpret long written notices. But they succeed in playing games of chess or draughts. They can use the concepts needed for chess playing or draughts playing but are unable to use many of the concepts in ordinary language. How they manage to do this we do not know. Yet animals such as Kohler's chimpanzees can solve problems by working out strategies such as the invention of implements or Climbing aids when such animals have not language beyond a few warning cries. Intelligent or "insightful" behavior. is not dependent in the case of monkeys on language skills: presumably human beings have various capacities for thinking situations which are likewise independent of language.
According to the theory of "thought" devised by J. B. Watson, thinking is______.
A．talking to the soul
B．suppressed speech
C．speaking nonverbally
D．nonlinguistic behavior
第8题
All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seri9usly affected. Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.
Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to five words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his, language differs from that of his parents in style. rather than grammar.
Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about man's brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern "toy bear". And even more incredible is the young brain's ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyse, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.
But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child's babbling(咿呀声), grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child's non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.
Frederick II's experiment was______
A．to prove that children are born with the ability to speak
B．to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech
C．to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak
D．to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language
第9题
It should be added that the principles which regulate "face" and its attainment are often wholly【15】the intellectual apprehension of the Occidental, who is constantly forgetting the theatrical element, and wandering【16】into the irrelevant regions of fact. To him it often seems that Chinese "face" is not unlike the South Sea Island taboo, a force of undeniable potency, but capricious, and not reducible to rule, deserving only to be abolished and replaced by common sense. At this point Chinese and Occidentals must agree to【17】, for they can never be brought to view the same things in the same light. In the adjustment of the incessant quarrels which distract every hamlet, it is necessary for the "peace-talkers" to take a careful account of the【18】of "face" as European statesmen once did of the balance of power. The object in such cases is not the execution of even-handed justice, which, even if theoretically desirable, seldom【19】to an Oriental as a possibility, but such an arrangement as will distribute to all concerned "face" in due proportions. The same principle often applies in the settlement of lawsuits, a very large percentage of which end in what may be called a【20】game.
(1)
A．account
B．hold
C．shape
D．care
第10题
To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages.
People once thought of the languages of backward group as savage, undeveloped forms of speech, consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that languages in general began as a series of grunts and groans. It is a fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, whether by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own systems. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions for "backward" languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly numerous and complicated. A Western language distinguishes between what is close to the speaker, or to the person addressed, or removed from both, or out of sight, or in the past, or in the future.
This study of language, in turn, casts a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed independently, and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.
The statement that "every group has a culture" grows out of the author's ______.
A．definition of culture
B．feeling about human beings
C．bias in regard to civilized humans
D．philosophy
